【摘要】 为发掘利用高活力小麦种质材料,揭示不同小麦品种间(系)的种子活力差异及其内在生理原因,本研究以置于常温种子库老化6年的180个小麦品种(系)的种子为材料进行了种子活力比较研究。结果表明:不同小麦品种(系)间发芽率存在显著差异,其中35个小麦品种(系)的种子完全失活、不能发芽,种子活力最高的3个品种分别为豫麦18(92%),西农3517(76%)和浏虎98(72%);测定了种子浸出液电导率、种子含水量和籽粒品质性状并与发芽率进行了相关分析,发现发芽率与电导率和籽粒淀粉含量呈极显著负相关,与含水量呈显著负相关,但与籽粒总蛋白质含量相关不显著;进一步对种子活力高低差异显著的6个品种(系)进行了种子萌发关键激素赤霉素(GA3)和脱落酸(ABA)的测定,发现3个高活力小麦品种(系)(豫麦18、西农3517、浏虎98)种子中GA3/ABA的比值均显著高于3个低活力品种(系)(西农2003、洛麦21和陕麦107)。本研究表明,种子活力性状在小麦种质资源中存在广泛变异,植物内源激素GA3和ABA的相对含量是影响种子活力高低的关键因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the wheat germplasms with high seed vigor and reveal the intrinsic physiological factor about seed vigor in different wheat varieties,180 wheat seed varieties(lines)which were stored in the normal temperature seed bank for six years,were used as materials for comparative study of seed vigor.The results showed that the germination rate of 180 wheat varieties(lines)were significantly different.Thirty-five wheat varieties(lines)completely lost the seed vigor,and the highest seed vigor were Yumai 18(92%),Xinong 3517(76%)and Liuhu 98(72%),respectively.Some physical indicators,including the electrical conductivity of seeds extract,the moisture content of seeds and grain quality traits,were measured.Then,the correlation analysis was performed between these physical indicators and the germination rate.We found that the germination rate was significantly negatively correlated with the electrical conductivity and the starch content,and negatively correlated with the water content.However,the germination rate had no correlationship with the total protein content in grains.Furthermore,the gibberellin(GA3)and abscisic acid(ABA)which were the key hormones in seed germination were measured in six varieties with significant seed vigor the ratio of the gibberellin(GA3)to abscisic acid(ABA)in the seeds of wheat varieties(Yumai 18,Xiong 3517,Liuhu 98)with high seed vigor was significantly higher than that of the wheat varieties(Xinong 2003,Luomai 21 and Shaanmai 107)with low seed vigor.Our research revealed that seed vigor traits varied widely in wheat germplasm resources,and the relative content of plant endogenous hormones GA3 and ABA wasthe key factor affecting the seed vigor.更多还原