【摘要】 目的了解医院门诊糖尿病患者的视觉损伤、白内障情况及其相关因素分析。方法选择2012年10月至2013年6月在山东省烟台市牟平区中医医院眼科就诊的1244例糖尿病患者,通过调查问卷和实验室检查获得患者的一般情况和病史,并进行眼部检查,了解视觉损伤情况及屈光状态,分析白内障的患病率及其危险因素。结果 1244例糖尿病患者视觉损伤的主要原因分别为屈光不正(38.5%)、白内障(32.4%)、糖尿病视网膜病变(14.2%)。单因素分析显示,白内障的发病与年龄(P<0.0001)、受教育年限(P=0.0149)、合并脑血管病变(P<0.0001)、糖尿病病程(P<0.0001)及合并糖尿病视网膜病变(P<0.0001)相关;与糖化血红蛋白(P=0.1894)、空腹血糖(P=0.8592)、餐后2h血糖(P=0.2699)无关。多元logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.145,95%CI 1.122～1.168,P<0.0001)、糖尿病病程(OR=1.123,95%CI 1.094～1.153, P<0.0001)、合并糖尿病视网膜病变(OR=2.707,95%CI 2.017～3.634, P<0.0001)、受教育年限(OR=0.836,95%CI 0.798～0.876, P<0.0001)是糖尿病患者白内障发病的独立危险因素。结论眼科门诊就诊的糖尿病患者视觉损伤原因有屈光不正、白内障、合并糖尿病视网膜病变等。年龄、糖尿病病程、受教育年限、合并糖尿病视网膜病变与糖尿病患者罹患白内障相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the visual impairment of the diabetic patients and the prevalence of cataracts and their risk factors in ophathamic patients. Method Patients who were admitted to the Muping District Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2012 to June 2013 were included. General information and medical history were obtained by questionnaires and laboratory tests, and detailed eye examinations, including visual impairment, refractive status, and of cataract were done. Prevalence of cataract was calculated and logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between cataract and various factors. Result A total of 1244 patients with diabetes were included. The causes of visual impairment were refractive error(38.5%), cataract(32.4%), and diabetic retinopathy(14.2%), respectively. The prevalence of cataracts were age(P<0.0001), years of education(P=0.0149), cerebrovascular disease(P<0.0001), duration of diabetes(P<0.0001) and diabetic retinopathy(P<0.0001) related. Compared with laser(P=0.4963), surgery(P=0.9846), glycated hemoglobin(P=0.1894), fasting blood glucose(P=0.8592), and postprandial 2 H blood glucose(P=0.2699). Multivariate logistic regression results showed that age [odds ratio(OR)= 1.145, confidence interval(95%CI) 1.122-1.168, P <0.0001], duration of diabetes(OR= 1.123, 95%CI 1.094-1.153, P=0.004), educational years(OR=0.836, 95%CI 0.798-0.876, P<0.0001) and DR(OR=2.707, 95%CI 2.017-3.634, P<0.0001) were independent risk factors for cataract.Conclusion The causes of visual impairment in diabetic patients attending ophthalmology are refractive errors, cataracts, and diabetic retinopathy. Age, duration of diabetes, education years, diabetes retinopathy, and cerebrovascular disease were associated with the prevalance of cataract in people with diabetes.更多还原