【摘要】 油茶为异花授粉植物,其产量与传粉昆虫关系密切,但油茶昆虫授粉问题一直未能得到有效解决,而熊蜂在温室大棚作物授粉方面具有效益高、品质好等优点。本文以普通油茶为研究对象,通过引进熊蜂对其进行授粉试验,分析熊蜂对油茶授粉结实的影响,以期为油茶的引蜂授粉研究和应用提供参考。试验结果表明,熊蜂的不同投放方式对油茶的座果结实有很大影响,熊蜂的自由式授粉、限制性授粉和自然昆虫授粉的座果率分别为36.78%、0.22%和18.23%,自由式授粉能显著提高油茶产量,而高饱和密度的限制性熊蜂释放方式反而会有减产作用;另外通过熊蜂授粉试验发现油茶不同亲本间的组配授粉结实率差异很大。因此在合理控制的情况下熊蜂能有效提升油茶产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Camellia oleifera is a cross-pollinating plant. Its yield is closely related to pollinating insects. However, the problem of insect pollination in Camellia oleifera has not been solved effectively. It seems that bumblebee has the advantages of high efficiency and good quality in pollination of greenhouse crops. In this research, in order to provide an important basis for increasing Camellia oleifera yield, the effects of pollination by Bombus terrestris on Camellia oleifera has been studied. The results showed that different ways of bumblebee insertion had a great influence on fruit setting and fruiting of Camellia oleifera.The fruit setting rates of free pollination, restricted pollination and natural insect pollination were 36.78%, 0.22% and 18.23%, respectively. Free pollination can significantly increase the yield of Camellia oleifera. On the contrary, the limited release mode of bumblebee with high saturated density could reduce the yield of bumblebee. Besides, through bumblebee pollination experiment, it was found that the seed setting rate of different parents of Camellia oleifera varied greatly. Therefore, under reasonable control, bumblebee can effectively increase the yield of Camellia oleifera.更多还原