【摘要】 精密驱动功能部件是高端装备的关键基础件,广泛应用于航空航天等领域,对国家的科技影响力和国防威慑力有着重要影响。在《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006—2020)》中,以"嫦娥系列-探月工程"为代表的多个重大专项对精密驱动功能部件的轻量化、精密化和智能化等方面提出更高的要求。国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)"压电精密驱动功能部件的基础研究"项目围绕压电驱动功能部件(超声电机系统)的织构化接触界面的能量传递机理、压电器件和摩擦副的设计制造、系统的高精度控制3个方面的关键科学问题开展了系统深入的研究,并取得了一系列重要研究成果。本文从国内外研究现状和国家需求、关键科学问题、项目研究进展、总结与展望四部分进行论述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Precision driving functional system,as a key part of advanced equipment, had been widely used in aerospace and other fields. It played an important role on the development of science and technology,as well as national defense. In the outline of National Medium and Long-Term Science and Technology Development,there had higher requirements for lightweight,precision and intelligent precision drive system,for example,in the series projects of lunar exploration. National Key Basic Research Development Program(973 Program)"Fundamental Research of Piezoelectric Precision Driving Systems " systematically studied the energy transfer mechanisms, design and manufacture of piezoelectric device and frictional pairs,high precision control system of ultrasonic motors. A series of important research indicators were achieved in this program. This article will mainly introduce overseas and domestic research status of ultrasonic motors, major national requirements,key scientific issues,research progress,summary and outlook.更多还原