【摘要】 制定《<联合国海洋法公约>关于国家管辖范围外区域海洋生物多样性养护和可持续利用的国际法律约束力文书》需要处理海洋遗传资源问题,包括其获取和惠益分享等问题。然而现有国际法规定的获取和惠益分享机制在国家管辖范围外区域不具备直接适用的条件。梳理国际法现有的获取和惠益分享机制,总结得出获取和惠益分享可以以"成本"为标准,被划分为严格和宽松两种类型,将不同类型的获取和惠益分享加以组合得出不同的模型,评估不同模型在国家管辖范围外区域应用的利弊,阐明宽松获取和严格惠益分享的组合模型,既能促进技术创新,又能实现惠益公平,是符合人类命运共同体要义的获取和惠益分享机制蓝本。更多还原

【Abstract】 The drafting of the International Legally Binding Instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction(ABNJ) needs to address the issue of access and benefit-sharing of marine genetic resources. However, existing access and benefit-sharing mechanisms under international law do not have directly applicable conditions in ABNJ. Through examining the existing access and benefit-sharing mechanisms under international law, we can conclude that access and benefit-sharing can be classified as either heavy or light based on "cost". Combining different types of access and benefit-sharing can result in different models. By evaluating advantages and disadvantages of different models applied in ABNJ, we find that the combination model of light access and heavy benefit-sharing can not only promote technological innovation, but also achieve fairness of benefits. And this model is a blueprint for access and benefit-sharing mechanisms that conforms to the essence of the community with a shared future for mankind.更多还原