【摘要】 检验质量是无拖曳航天器的惯性参考基准,对检验质量进行结构优化设计、材料选择以及不同配置方案的分析比较,能够为今后无拖曳航天任务中引力参考敏感器的模块化设计提供参考。本文首先分析了检验质量形状的取决要素和设计准则,以空间等效原理检验实验中圆柱体检验质量为例,建立了点质量引力源对检验质量的引力耦合模型,推导了检验质量形状尺寸的优化设计过程,并针对检验质量约束作用面和主惯性矩的特殊考量,分析了其对形状尺寸设计的影响。然后从最大化科学测量信号强度和最小化噪声扰动两方面对检验质量的材料进行选择,得到低磁化率、高密度、低热膨胀系数等属性的材料作为检验质量的备选。最后以空间引力波探测实验为例,从加速度噪声性能指标、方案继承性和技术成熟度、无拖曳控制复杂度等方面对检验质量的不同配置方案进行权衡取舍和比较研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the gravitational reference object for drag-free spacecrafts,the structural optimal design,choice of material and related configuration comparisons of proof masses could provide information for gravitational reference sensors’ modular designs in future spatial drag-free missions. Firstly,the determinants and design criteria of proof mass shape are discussed. The model of gravitational coupling between a point mass source and a cylindrical proof mass is established in test of the equivalence principle experiment. The optimization procedure for the structural dimension of proof masses is deduced in detail and the effects on structural design induced by special considerations for proof mass constraint surfaces and their principal moments of inertia are analyzed.Secondly,the choice of material for proof masses is determined by maximizing scientific measurement signal intensity and/or minimizing non-gravitational acceleration disturbance. Results show that materials with low magnetic susceptibility,high density and a low thermal expansion coefficient could be suitable. Finally,a trade-off study of several configurations of proof masses utilized in future space gravitational wave detection is performed from the following aspects: acceleration noise performance,flight heritage,technology maturity and drag-free control complexity.更多还原