【摘要】 目的调查贵阳地区三级综合医院儿科门诊超说明书用药情况,并分析原因,以期规范儿科临床药物治疗行为,为我国医疗机构儿科患者超说明书用药问题提供基线数据。方法随机抽取2015～2016年贵阳地区三级综合医院儿科门诊处方,以药品说明书作为判断依据,从适应人群、适应证、给药频次等方面,对照抽样处方中每条用药记录逐条判断。结果共抽样处方15 651张,含33 493条用药记录,超说明书用药率达37.24%。超说明书用药类型中居前三位的是超给药剂量(46.67%),超适用人群(20.74%)、超给药途径(13.87%);不同年龄段超说明书用药情况处方以婴幼儿和学龄前处方为主,分别占总处方数的55.30%和28.29%;超说明书用药构成比在前3位的药品分别是中成药(32.16%)、抗微生物药物(21.36%)和呼吸系统用药(16.20%)。结论贵阳地区儿科门诊处方超说明书用药情况比较突出,临床医师应严格按照药品说明书规定的用法、用量,选择适宜的药物剂型,药师应当提高意识加强对处方审核干预,确保临床用药的安全有效。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate and analyze the off-label use status in pediatric outpatients of tertiary general hospitals in Guiyang region, so as to regulate the pediatric clinical medication, and provide the baseline data for the use of super-manual medicine in pediatric patients. Methods The outpatient pediatric prescriptions, which was among a whole year from 2015 to 2016, were randomly selected from the tertiary general hospitals in Guiyang area. With the drug instructions as the basis of judgment, each medication record was judged one by one from the aspects of adapting to the crowd, indications and frequency of administration etc. Results Totally 15 651 prescriptions were collected, including 33 493 drug records. The off label use rate was 37.24%. The top three types of the off label use were excess dose(46.67%), excess suitable crowd(20.74%) and excess route of administration(13.87%). The off-label drug prescriptions under the age of infants and preschool children were ranked the top two among the different age. They were respectively of the total number of prescriptions 55.30% and 28.29%. The first three medicines of the exceed instruction prescriptions were proprietary Chinese medicine(32.16%), antimicrobial drugs(21.36%) and respiratory system drugs(16.20%). Conclusion The off-label use status in pediatric outpatients of Guiyang region was outstanding. Clinicians should be strictly in accordance with the instructions of the drug usage, dosage, appropriate dosage form. Pharmacists should improve awareness and strengthen the intervention on prescriptions, in order to ensure the clinical safety and efficacy.更多还原