【摘要】 为保护利用天敌对梨瘿蚊进行生态控制,在田间系统调查的基础上研究了湖北梨园梨瘿蚊及天敌的种群动态和时空生态位。结果表明,梨瘿蚊在老河口地区砂梨园中1年有3次为害高峰期,分别为4月中旬、5月下旬和6月中旬。梨瘿蚊时间生态位宽度小,空间生态位宽度大,说明其种群发生的高峰期明显,并在全株嫩叶为害。主要捕食性天敌对梨瘿蚊有一定的跟随效应。其中,中华草蛉、异色瓢虫和黑带食蚜蝇与梨瘿蚊的时空二维生态位重叠度最大,龟纹瓢虫分布最广与梨瘿蚊种群数量灰色关联度最大,对梨瘿蚊有较好的控制效果。因此,要充分利用不同天敌种群时间和空间上的互补作用,提高防控效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to conserve and utilize natural enemies for comprehensive controlling of Dasineura pyri(Bouche), the population dynamics, temporal and spatial niches of D. pyri and its natural enemies on pear tree in Hubei were studied by a systematic field investigation. The results showed that the insect in sand pear garden of Laohekou area occurred 3 generations per year, peak of the larvae occurred in mid April, late May and mid June. D. pyri had a narrow temporal niche breadth and a relative wide spatial niche breadth. This implied that the incidence of D. pyri had characteristics of obvious peak-period and whole-plant damage. Among major predatory enemies, Chrysoperla sinica Tjeder, Harmonia axyridis and Episyrphus balteatus had the biggest temporal × spatial niche overlap with D. pyri. Propylaea japonica had the most widely distributed and the biggest grey relational grade. Those natural enemies had better potential for controlling D. pyri. It was necessary to make full use of its complementary role in time and space to improve efficiency of prevention and controlling of D. pyri.更多还原