【摘要】 本文的"人类学"一词,不是指具体实证的人类学这门学科,而是一个广义的哲学性、价值性范畴,用以指称马克思哲学思想的理论特质和21世纪的时代特质。21世纪是全人类通过全球化运动而走向人类学时代和构建人类命运共同体的新世纪新时代,它要求从人类学高度开辟马克思主义研究的新境界。这首先要看到马克思的双重历史使命和双重理论构建:立足于阶级性和经济学的为无产阶级解放服务的经济学马克思主义和立足于人类性与人类学的为全人类解放服务的人类学马克思主义。研究后者将开辟马克思主义的新境界。要走上这一新境界,一是要突破对马克思主义的单纯经济学理解,而突出对马克思主义的人类学理解,这样才能找准马克思主义在新时代发展的新天地。二是要突破对马克思本人的单纯阶级性理解,突出对马克思的人类性和人类学的新理解,这样才能让马克思成为21世纪世界历史的人类学发展和走向人类学文明的导师。三是要突破把人类解放放逐到未来有朝一日的社会变革上去的旧观念,突出人类解放是在世界历史的以及人的人类学发展过程中逐步实现的新思想,这样才能推动现实世界自觉向人类解放方向发展。通过三突破三突出方法论,开辟21世纪马克思主义研究的新境界。更多还原

【Abstract】 The word "anthropology" in this article does not specifically refer to the empirical subject of anthropology, but the philosophical and value category in a broad sense, which stands for the theoretical characteristic of Marx’s philosophy and the time feature of the 21 st century. The 21 st century is a new century and a new era in which all mankind is moving towards anthropology and constructing the community with a shared future for mankind through globalization. It requires a new realm of Marxist research that should be opened up from the perspective of anthropology. That is, in the research of Marxism, we should focus on Marx’s double historical mission and double theoretical construction: economic Marxism based on class nature and economics for the cause of proletarian liberation, and anthropological Marxism based on humanity and anthropology for the liberation cause of the whole human race. Studying the latter one will open up the new realm of Marxism. To reach this new realm, firstly, the pure economic understanding of Marxism must be broken through and an anthropological understanding of Marxism should be highlighted. Only in this way can a new world for the development of Marxism in the new era be found. Secondly, the simple understanding of Marx of class should be broken through and a new understanding of Marx of humanity and anthropology should be highlighted. Only in this way can Marx become the mentor for the development of anthropology of world history in the 21 st century and for the trend towards anthropological civilization.Thirdly, the old idea of banishing human liberation to some social transformation in the future should be broken through and the new idea that human liberation is a process to be gradually realized in the development of world history and human anthropology should be highlighted. Only in this way can the movement of human liberation in the real world be promoted. Through the methodology of "three breakthroughs and three highlights", the new realm of Marxist research in the 21 st century will be opened up.更多还原