【摘要】 【目的】明确玫瑰茄种子的适宜采收时间,为其种子生产及质量标准的制定提供理论依据。【方法】以M3、M5和玫瑰茄-2为试验材料,分别于开花后7、14、21、28、35、42、49和56 d采收种子,分析不同采收时间3份种质种子的基本参数(种皮色、水分含量、百粒重和种子大小)和萌发特性(发芽指数、发芽势和发芽率)。【结果】随种子采收时间的推迟,M3、M5和玫瑰茄-2种子的种皮色均分别由乳白色、浅绿色、灰黄色变为黑褐色;水分含量均呈下降的变化趋势,百粒重、种子长与宽、发芽指数、发芽势和发芽率均呈先增加后降低的变化趋势。其中,3份种质种子的水分含量均在开花后56 d最低,开花后7 d的水分含量显著高于其他采收时间(P<0.05,下同);M3种子的百粒重在开花后35 d最大,达4.44 g,M5种子的百粒重在开花后35～42 d最大,达3.14 g,玫瑰茄-2种子的百粒重在开花后49 d最大,达4.18 g;3份种质种子在开花7 d采收时的长、宽和厚度显著小于其他采收时间;随种子采收时间的推迟,M3和玫瑰茄-2种子的宽度呈先增加后减少的变化趋势,M5种子的宽度呈增加的变化趋势;开花后35和28 d采收M3和M5种子的发芽指数、发芽势和发芽率均最高,开花后28 d采收玫瑰茄-2种子的发芽指数最高,开花后35 d采收玫瑰茄-2种子发芽势和发芽率均最高。【结论】综合分析玫瑰茄种子的种皮色、水分含量、百粒重和种子大小及发芽指数、发芽势和发芽率等指标,M3、M5和玫瑰茄-2的种子适宜在种皮色完全转为黑褐色时即开花后1个月左右(28～35 d)进行采收。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】In order to determine the harvest time of roselle seeds and provide the theoretical basis for the formulation of its seed production and quality standard.【Method】M3,M5,roselle-2 seeds were harvested at 7,14,28,35,42,49,56 days after flowering,respectively.The seeds were used to study the effects of different harvest times on the basic parameters(seed color,moisture content,100-grain weight and seed size) and germination characteristics(germination index,germination potential and germination rate).【Result】The quality of the seed had a close relationship to the harvest time.With the delay of harvesting time,the seed coat color of M3,M5,roselle-2 changed from milky white,light green and grayish yellow to black brown.With the delay of harvest time,the water content of three varieties of roselle germplasm seeds all showed the change trend of decrease,and the 100-seed weight,length and width of seeds,germination index,germination potential and germination rate all showed the change trend of increase first and then decrease.The water content of the three germplasm was the lowest at 56 days after flowering,and at 7 days had significant difference from that of other harvesting times(P<0.05,same below). The 100-grain weight of M3 reached a maximum weight of 4.44 g at 35 days after flowering.The hundred-grain weight of M5 reached a maximum weight of 3.14 g at 35-42 days after flowering.The 100-grain weight of roselle-2 reached a maximum weight of 4.18 g at 49 days after flowering.The length,width and thickness of seeds of the three germplasms which were harvested at 7 days after flowering were significantly lower than that of other harvesting times.With the delay of harvesting time,the width of M3 and roselle-2 seeds showed the change trend of increased first and then decreased,while that of M5 increased.The germination index,germination potential and germination rate of M3 all reached maximum at 35 days after flowering.The germination index,germination potential and germination rate of M5 all reached maximum at 28 days after flowering.The germination index of roselle-2 reached maximum at 28 days after flowering,the germination potential and germination rate all reached maximum at 35 days after flowering.【Conclusion】Comprehensively analyze the seed color,moisture content,100-grain weight,seed size,germination index,germination potential,germination rate,M3,M5,roselle-2 were suitable for harvesting when the seed coat color changed to black brown,namely about one month(28-35 days) after flowering.更多还原