【摘要】 清代著名教育家路德的八股文批评理论体现了清代陕西书院教育的特色,与清代学术思想、士人培养和八股文风等有着密切联系。他主张融和汉学和宋学,在教学中注重深入浅出、循序渐进,强调书院教育对于科举取士的培养作用。路德指出性情涵融是八股文章走向经世致用的根本,从而强调学习写作之中主体心性的涵养工夫;在八股文体上,维护清代清真雅正的衡文规范,又重视时文风格的与时俱进,并指出以读书研理为本,下笔行文才能写出高品质的八股文。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lu De’s critical theories of Bagu Wen( stereotyped writing/eight-legged essay) manifested the characteristics of Shaanxi academies in Qing Dynasty,which was closely related to academic thoughts,scholar cultivation and stereotyped writing in Qing Dynasty. He advocated the integration of Sinology and Songxue( neo-Confucianism). In teaching he paid attention to explaining profound theories in simple language,learning step by step,and emphasized the role of education in the cultivation of candidates for imperial examinations. He pointed out that the disposition of the subject was the basis for the stereotyped writing being applied into the reality,and emphasized the cultivation of the mind of the subject in the ontological sense. In the stylistic aspect of stereotyped writing,he advocated to maintain the official standards,and pay attention to the style of the article advancing with the times. He pointed out that reading and research were the basis to produce a high-quality stereotyped writing.更多还原