【摘要】 等离激元学连接着光子学和电子学,在光产生、显微显示、数据存储、光集成和光子芯片、传感技术和纳米制造技术等方面展示出重要应用,正极大地促进既拥有纳米电子学的尺寸又兼有介电光子学速度的新一代信息材料和器件的发展.但是,传统上绝大部分等离激元材料和器件都是基于静态的设计,即一旦被制备,其性能也就确定,人们无法根据需求进行实时的主动调控.因此,近年来人们开始从应用需求出发,致力于研制动态调控的等离激元材料和器件.本文总结等离激元材料和器件的动态调控研究进展,给出动态调控等离激元材料和器件的基本原理,即通过动态改变材料中金属微纳结构的等效介电函数、动态调节系统外部环境、动态控制结构中的耦合效应等,实现对等离激元材料和器件性能的实时动态控制.在此基础上,分别以等离激元材料、等离激元超构材料、等离激元超构表面等为例,展示在电、光、力、温度、环境等外部作用下相关材料和器件性能的实时改变和动态控制,期望推动发展新型亚波长光电功能材料和器件.更多还原

【Abstract】 As is well known, plasmonics bridges the gap between nanoscale electronics and dielectric photonics, and is expected to be applied to light generation, photonic integration and chips, optical sensing and nanofabrication technology. So far, most of plasmonic microstructures and nanostructures cannot dynamically tune the properties once their structures are fabricated. Therefore, developing active plasmonic materials and devices is especially desired and necessary. Recently, dynamically tunable plasmonic materials and devices have been intensively investigated with the aim of practical applications. Here in this paper, we review recent research advances in active plasmonic materials and devices. Firstly we summarize three approaches to dynamically tuning plasmonic materials and devices. The first approach is to dynamically change the effective permittivity of metallic microstructures and nanostructures. The second approach is to dynamically adjust the ambient environments of the materials and devices. The third approach is to real-time tune the coupling effects in the nanostructures. Then we take ordinary plasmonic materials, plasmonic metamaterials, and plasmonic metasurfaces for example to show how to make them dynamically tunable. With external fields(such as electrical field, light field, thermal field, and mechanical force field, etc.), various approaches have been demonstrated in dynamically tuning the physical properties of plasmonic systems in real time. We anticipate that this review will promote the further development of new-generation subwavelength materials and optoelectrionic devices with new principles and better performances.更多还原