【摘要】 矿产和石油的生产与使用导致不同程度的土壤重金属和石油污染,已影响到人类健康与安全,土壤污染修复迫在眉睫。本研究采用室内盆栽试验的方法,在铅镉污染、石油污染土壤中种植黑麦草(Lolium perenne),探究土壤基础呼吸(SBR)、微生物生物量碳(MBC)及相关土壤酶活性的变化,揭示铅镉、石油污染对土壤微生物的影响,进而为重金属及石油污染土壤修复及其环境评价提供理论依据。共设置6个处理:未污染土壤(S),未污染土壤+黑麦草(SG),铅镉污染土壤(SH),铅镉污染土壤+黑麦草(SHG),石油污染土壤(SP),石油污染土壤+黑麦草(SPG)。研究发现:与处理S相比,在本研究铅镉及石油污染水平下,处理SH的SBR、MBC、过氧化氢酶活性和脲酶活性分别显著降低22.42%、44.90%、6.35%和44.88%(P <0.05);处理SP的SBR、MBC、脲酶活性和脱氢酶活性分别增加23.06%、52.04%、42.26%和65.37%(P <0.05);处理SG的MBC和过氧化氢酶活性分别降低60.54%和4.55%(P <0.05),SBR和脱氢酶活性分别增加31.51%和94.86%(P <0.05)。土壤受污染后,种植黑麦草处理的SBR和MBC、过氧化氢酶活性、脲酶活性高于对应未种植黑麦草的处理。这一结果表明,在一定含量范围内重金属污染抑制土壤微生物活性,而石油污染初期抑制、后期可以提升微生物活性,种植黑麦草在后期可显著增强污染土壤的微生物活性、提高土壤微生物生物量。更多还原

【Abstract】 The production and use of minerals and oils lead to soil pollution at different degrees, which is harmful to human health and safety. So the remediation of contaminated soil is urgent. A pot experiment was carried out to explore the effects of ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.), lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) co-pollution, oil pollution on soil basal respiration(SBR), microbial biomass carbon(MBC), soil enzyme activities in order to provide a theoretical basis for the remediation of heavy metals and oil contaminated soil. Six treatments were set up in this experiment, including uncontaminated soil(S), uncontaminated soil + ryegrass(SG), Pb and Cd co-contaminated soil(SH), Pb and Cd co-contaminated soil + ryegrass(SHG), oil contaminated soil(SP), and oil contaminated soil + ryegrass(SPG). Compared with the S treatment, SBR, MBC, catalase activities and urease activities were significantly decreased(P < 0.05) by22.42%, 44.90%, 6.35% and 44.88%, respectively in the SH treatment. The SP treatment significantly increased(P< 0.05) SBR, MBC, urease activities and dehydrogenase activities by 23.06%, 52.04%, 42.26% and 65.37%,respectively. The content of MBC and catalase activities were decreased by 60.54% and 4.55%, respectively, while SBR and dehydrogenase activities were increased by 31.51% and 94.86%, respectively in the SG treatment relative to the S treatment. SBR, MBC, catalase activities and urease activities in the contaminated soil with ryegrass were significantly higher than those in the contaminated soil without ryegrass. Heavy metals inhibited soil microbial activities, while oil promoted microbial activities in the later stage of the experiment. Ryegrass also significantly enhanced the microbial activities and increased soil microbial biomass in contaminated soils.更多还原