【摘要】 本研究基于华北平原区的少耕培肥长期定位试验（1985年至今）,以冬小麦——夏玉米轮作体系为研究对象,研究了长期施用氮磷肥、不同耕作方式结合秸秆还田对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响。结果表明:土壤过氧化氢酶活性与土壤温度的相关性极显著,冬小麦和夏玉米生长季两者间的相关系数分别为:0.738**和0.907**,说明在一定范围内温度增强了酶与底物的亲和力、提高了酶的活性。土壤酶的活性与施肥等因素有一定的相关性:氮肥施用量对土壤过氧化氢酶的活性影响不大（P> 0.05）;无论是小麦季还是玉米季,随着磷肥施用量的增加,土壤过氧化氢酶的活性呈现明显的下降趋势,说明施用磷肥明显抑制了土壤过氧化氢酶的活性（P <0.05）;随着秸秆还田量的增加,土壤过氧化氢酶的活性表现出了增加的趋势,但效果不显著（P> 0.05）。不同耕作方式对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响不显著（P> 0.05）。总之,在少耕条件下,不施用磷肥、少施用氮肥(225 kg N hm^-2a^-1)和高量秸秆(4500 kg hm^-2a^-1)的处理有利于提高过氧化氢酶的活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the long-term experiment of minimum-tillage and soil fertilization for 27 years, the influence of fertilization and tillage on soil catalase activities（SCA） was investigated in the winter wheat-maize rotation system in North China plain. The results showed the SCA was very significantly related with soil temperature（with a correlation coefficient of 0.997**and 0.973**）, which indicated that soil temperature increased the affinity of the catalase and zymolyte and the SCA. The impact of nitrogen（N） fertilizer on the SCA was not obvious（P > 0.05）; The SCA showed an obviously downward trend（P < 0.05）, with the amount of phosphorus（P） fertilizer due to the inhibition of SCA,during the wheat and maize growth stages. The straw returning to soil increased the SCA, but the impact was not obvious（P > 0.05）. The impact of tillage modes on the SCA was not obvious（P > 0.05）. No P fertilizer, N fertilizer applied at 225 kg and straw returning at 4500 kg hm^-2a^-1 under minimum tillage increased soil catalase activities.更多还原