【摘要】 研究添加木质素和生物炭对土壤氮、磷养分及水分损失的影响,降低土壤改良剂使用成本,增加造纸黑液中木质素的利用途径,促进木质素在土壤改良中的应用。试验选取生物炭改良剂与木质素作为对比,通过土柱淋溶和静态吸收法,研究不同添加量(质量分数为0,1%,2%,4%)的木质素和生物炭对土壤氮磷养分、水分、脲酶活性以及pH的影响。土壤中添加木质素和生物炭均能减缓pH变化程度;抑制土壤脲酶的活性,且在添加氮肥后的1～20天抑制效果明显,其抑制效果与添加量呈正相关。添加量为1%,2%,4%的木质素和生物炭与对照组相比,铵态氮挥发量分别显著减少8.29%,14.29%,14.86%和3.79%,11.65%,15.26%;全氮淋溶量分别显著减少32.37%,37.70%,42.49%和25.43%,30.70%,39.54%;全磷淋溶量分别显著减少23.68%,40.48%,48.12%和6.97%,22.88%,35.30%;水分淋溶量分别显著减少7.71%,15.82%,9.29%和9.91%,15.00%,16.06%。在本试验中,木质素、生物炭质量分数分别为2%和4%时对降低土壤氮、磷养分和水分损失的效果最佳。因此,可以说明木质素和生物炭在水肥保持上的效果相近,在一定程度上可以替代生物炭改良剂在土壤中的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of lignin and biochar addition on soil nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) nutrients and water loss were researched in order to reduce the cost of soil amendment, increase the utilization of lignin that came from papermaking black liquor, and promote the application of lignin in soil amendments. The biochar amendment and lignin were selected as the comparison in this study. The effects of lignin and biochar with different additions(0, 1%, 2%, and 4% respectively in the mass fraction) on N, P, water loss, urease activity and pH value in soil were studied by the soil column simulation method and static absorption method. Both addition of lignin and biochar in soil could alleviate the changes of pH value and could inhibite the activity of urease. The inhibition effect was obvious after adding N fertilizer 1～20 days when the inhibition rate was positively correlated with the addition amount. Compared with the CK, the amount of lignin and biochar added with 1%, 2% and 4% could significantly reduce the volatilizing amount of ammonium N by 8.29%, 14.29%, 14.86% and 3.79%, 11.65%, 15.26%, respectively. Total N leaching amount was significantly reduced by 32.37%, 37.70%, 42.49% and 25.43 %, 30.70%, 39.54%, respectively. Total P leaching amount was significantly reduced by 23.68%, 40.48%, 48.12% and 6.97%, 22.88%, 35.30%, respectively. The water loss was significantly reduced by 7.71%, 15.82%, 9.29% and 9.91%, 15.00%, 16.06%, respectively. In this experiment, the best mass fraction of lignin and biochar was 2% and 4% respectively when the inhibition effect on soil N, P nutrients and water loss was the best. Therefore, it could be found that lignin could replace biochar amendment in soil to some extent for the similar function of water and fertilizer conservation and similar effect on inhibiting urease activity to biochar.更多还原