【摘要】 在分析高校化学实验室安全事故原因的基础上,指出容易发生危险的仪器设备和不当的实验研究方法是实验室安全问题的源头,提出采用绿色化学基本原理与本质安全设计构建化学实验室安全体系的思路与方法。针对性地对化学实验设施进行本质安全设计。通过化工过程强化简化化学反应装置,设计小反应器以减少危险化学试剂的用量。在遵循绿色化学12个基本原理的基础上进行科研实验,设计安全的实验方法,选用无害的化学试剂和缓和的实验条件。同时,安全管理者在与实验人员进行充分沟通的基础上,引导建立适当的安全管理体系,加强实验人员的安全常识教育,才能从源头上实现化学实验室的安全化、绿色化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dangerous instruments and improper experimental research methods may be the origin of laboratory security issues. The ideas and methods of constructing chemical laboratory security system were given by application of green chemistry principles and inherently safer design at the basis of analyzing reasons of university chemical laboratory security incidents. Targeted inherently safer design for chemical experimental equipment should be carried out,chemical reaction equipment should be simplified through process intensification,and micro-reactors could be designed to reduce dosage of hazard chemicals. Scientific research and experiments should be performed by following the 12 principles of green chemistry,such as safer experimental methods designing,selectivity of harmless chemical as well as moderate experimental conditions. At the same time,safer and greener chemical laboratory would be realized fundamentally by formulating appropriate security management system,strengthening elementary knowledge education of safety based on the sufficient communication of security manager and experiment personnel.更多还原