【摘要】 为探讨增效剂对杀虫剂防治异迟眼蕈蚊（Bradysia difformis）的增效作用,采用幼虫浸渍法,以无菌水为对照,测定了95%增效醚（PBO）、96%顺丁烯二酸二乙酯（DEM）、98%磷酸三苯酯（TPP）3种增效剂对4种杀虫剂防治异迟眼蕈蚊2龄、3龄幼虫的增效作用,并测定了3种增效剂对糙皮侧耳（Pleurotus ostreatus）和刺芹侧耳（P.eryngii）菌丝生长的抑制作用。结果表明:3种增效剂对4种杀虫剂均有不同程度的增效作用,其中3种增效剂对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯的增效作用较强,增效比PBO>TPP>DEM。在2龄、3龄幼虫中,PBO对溴氰菊酯的增效比分别为2.54、3.30;对高效氯氟氰菊酯的增效比分别为3.01、3.21。3种增效剂对吡虫啉、噻虫嗪的增效比在1.02～1.88之间,增效作用较小。3种增效剂对糙皮侧耳和刺芹侧耳菌丝的抑制率较低,其中PBO对糙皮侧耳和刺芹侧耳菌丝生长的抑制率最强,EC₅₀值分别为207.663 mg/L和165.557 mg/L。3种增效剂可作为拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的增效剂应用于食用菌的异迟眼蕈蚊虫害的防治。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the synergistic effect of insecticide synergists on Bradysia difformis, one of the three synergists, 95% piperonyl butoxide（PBO）, 96% diethyl maleate（DEM）, and 98% triphenyl phosphate（TPP） were used in combination with one of the four insecticides, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam to immerse the 2 nd instar and the 3 rd instar larva and then determine their LC₅₀, respectively. The effect of the three synergists on the mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus and P. eryngii were also determined. The results showed that the three synergists enhanced the toxicity of deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin greatly. The synergistic ratios of the three synergists in respect to deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin were PBO>TPP>DEM. For the 2 nd instar and the 3 rd instar larva, the synergistic ratios of PBO in deltamethrin were 2.54 and 3.30, respectively; and the synergistic ratios of PBO in lambda-cyhalothrin were 3.01 and 3.21, respectively. The synergistic ratios of the three synergists in respect to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam ranged between 1.02 and 1.88. The three synergists showed minor inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of P. ostreatus and P. eryngii. The EC₅₀of PBO on P. ostreatus and P. eryngii were 207.663 and 165.557 mg/L, respectively. The three synergists can be potentially used in combination with pyrethroid insecticides on the control of B. difformis during edible fungi cultivation.更多还原