【摘要】 为探讨不同配比基质对设施甜瓜生长和产量的影响,以牛粪和玉米秸秆熟化物、沼渣、草炭、珍珠岩和腐植酸按不同体积比配制成3种配方基质,以商品基质为对照(CK),通过测定甜瓜的形态特征、地下生物量以及产量,筛选出适宜设施甜瓜栽培的基质配方。结果表明,从膨瓜期到成熟期,T4处理(牛粪玉米秸秆熟化物∶沼渣∶珍珠岩∶腐植酸=6∶6∶2∶1)的株高均高于其他3个处理,不同基质配方对甜瓜株高的影响大小依次为T4>T2>T1(CK)>T3;对茎粗的影响大小依次为T1(CK)>T4>T3>T2,但不同处理之间差异不显著;T4处理的地下部干质量极显著高于其他处理;用牛粪和玉米秸秆熟化物部分替代草炭处理均提高甜瓜的单瓜质量和产量。说明用牛粪和玉米秸秆熟化物部分替代草炭基质能促进甜瓜的生长,其中以牛粪玉米秸秆熟化物∶沼渣∶珍珠岩∶腐植酸=6∶6∶2∶1为最佳配比。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the effects of different proportions of substrates on the growth and yield of melon in greenhouse, three formulated of substrates were prepared by utilizing cow manure and corn straw compost, biogas residue, peat, perlite and humic acid according to different volume ratios, which effects on the morphological characteristics, underground biomass and yield of melon in greenhouse were studied with treatment 1(commercial substrate)as CK, and the substrate formula suitable for the growth of melon in greenhouse was screened. The results showed that the plant height with T4 were better than CK and other treatments, the effect of different matrix formula on the height of muskmelon was T4 > T2 > T1(CK)> T3, the order of influence on stem diameter was T1(CK)>T4 > T3 > T2, but there was no significant difference between different treatments. The dry mass of T4 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments. Cow manure and corn straw compost substituting for peat can improve melon quality and yield. In conclusion, the composted matrix of cow manure and corn straw can promote the growth of melon in greenhouse, and T4(cow manure and corn straw compost∶biogas residue∶perlite∶humic acid=6∶6∶2∶1)is the best ratio.更多还原