【摘要】 针对汽车加热器在工程实际中各单一性能指标可能产生互相影响，因而很难通过几个单一性能评价指标准确地评价加热器性能的优劣的问题，通过数值模拟方法分析了不同柴油喷口半径的喷雾式汽车加热器的各单一性能，包括加热器出口平均温度、加热器温度场均匀性、壁面平均温度、出口柴油组分含量、一氧化碳排放量以及氮氧化物排放量，并利用主成分分析法对数据进行了分析，最终降维得到两个主成分评价指标：P₁和P₂。其中，P₁反映了加热器出口平均温度、加热器温度场均匀性、壁面平均温度、出口柴油组分含量、一氧化碳排放量这几个单一性能指标的综合优劣性；P₂反映了出口柴油组分含量以及氮氧化物排放量的综合优劣性，并在此基础上构建了汽车加热器综合性能指标的评价方法，提出了综合评价函数P,不仅全面考虑了各个单一性能指标，更在此基础上得到了更为直观的加热器优劣排序。更多还原

【Abstract】 In view of the fact that each single performance index of automotive heaters may have mutual influence in engineering practice, it is difficult to accurately evaluate the performance of heater performance through several single performance evaluation indicators.The single performance of spray automotive heaters with different diesel nozzle radius was analyzed by numerical simulation method, including export average heater temperature, heater temperature field uniformity, wall average temperature, export diesel component content, carbon monoxide emissions, and nitrogen oxide emissions.The data obtained by simulation was analyzed by principal component analysis method.Finally, two principal component evaluation indexes were obtained by dimension reduction.It is P₁ and P₂.P₁ reflected the comprehensive advantages and disadvantages of the export average heater temperature, heater temperature field uniformity, wall average temperature, export diesel component content, carbon monoxide emissions.P₂ reflected the comprehensive advantages and disadvantages of export diesel component content and nitrogen oxide emissions.On this basis, the evaluation method of the comprehensive performance index of automobile heaters was constructed, and a comprehensive evaluation P was put forward.he function not only comprehensively considered each single performance indicator, but also obtained a more intuitive sort of heaters based on this.更多还原