【摘要】 丁醇因其优越的燃烧性能成为目前最具研发前景的生物燃料之一,它通常以可再生资源为原料,经丙酮-丁醇-乙醇(ABE)发酵获得。尽管ABE发酵曾是最古老的大规模发酵工艺之一,但由于原料成本高,发酵液中丁醇浓度低以及较高浓度的丙酮、乙醇和有机酸等副产物积累等问题,导致丁醇的生物炼制仍然不具有经济竞争力。本文中,笔者从原料选择、原料预处理、纤维素酶酶解和丁醇发酵4个方面介绍丁醇生物炼制的基本流程以及相关研究,以进一步分析丁醇生产的主要瓶颈,并从生产菌株改造和丁醇分离2个方面总结近年来的相关研究进展。最后,讨论了未来丁醇生产研究的重点并指出菌株改造的方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Butanol is regarded as one of the most promising biofuels due to its superior properties.Butanol is typically produced by acetone-butanol-ethanol( ABE) fermentation from renewable resources. Although ABE fermentation is one of the oldest large-scale fermentative processes,biorefining of butanol is limited to high cost of raw materials,low butanol production and yield,as well as considerable by-products of acetone,ethanol and acids,making ABE fermentation not economically competitive.This paper reviews the biorefinery route of butanol,including feedstocks selection,feedstocks pretreatments,enzyme hydrolysis and butanol fermentation. The article further analyzes the main bottlenecks in butanol production and summarizes the latest progress on the strain engineering and butanol recovery in recent years.At last,the review emphasizes on the perspective of butanol production as well as research direction of strain engineering.更多还原