【摘要】 [目的]针对城市建设对周边水系河流生态特别是生态基流影响研究薄弱的问题,以陕西省杨凌示范区及城边水系为研究对象,分析新兴城市城区建设与周边水系生态基流内在联系,为流域生态用水规划和河流水资源合理配置提供科学依据。[方法]采用最枯月平均流量法计算河流生态基流量,以河流最枯月月均流量与城市建设用地面积间的关系确定保护河流生态功能的城市建设用地面积警戒值,并从输沙消污角度研究了城区建设对保障生态基流的影响。[结果]①杨凌城边的渭河、漆水河和小韦河需要保障的生态基流量分别约为6.0,0.2和0.1 m~3/s,宜作为杨凌示范区用水规划和3条河流水资源调配的依据;②小韦河最枯月月均流量与杨凌示范区城市建设用地面积之间的内在联系符合指数函数规律,保障小韦河生态基流的城市建设用地面积警戒值约为60 km~2;③小韦河水体总氮和总磷月均浓度总体超过Ⅴ类水质标准,小韦河冬、春两季高污的现状使其生态基流的保障问题更加严峻和迫切。[结论]杨凌示范区城市建设与保障城边河流生态基流特别是小韦河生态基流的关系密切,海绵型城市建设是今后新兴城市建设的重要发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] Taking the Yangling Agricultural Hi-tech Industries Demonstration Zone with the surrounding water system in Shaanxi Province as the research object, this paper analyzed the relationship between the urban construction of the developing city and the ecological base flow of rivers around the city in order to provide a scientific basis for the ecological water planning of the basin and the rational allocation of river water resources. [Methods] The minimum monthly average flow method was used to calculate the ecological base flow of the rivers. The relationship between the minimum monthly average flow and urban construction area was analyzed to estimate the water warning line. And the impact of urban construction on the protection of ecological base flow was analyzed from the perspective of sediment transportation and self-purification of water. [Results] ① The ecological base flow of Weihe River, Qishui River and Xiaowei River around the Yangling Demonstration Zone was about 6.0, 0.2 and 0.1 m~3/s, respectively, which could be used as the basis for the water use planning and water resources allocation for the three rivers in this area. ② The internal relationship between the minimum monthly average flow of Xiaowei River and the construction area of Yangling Demonstration Zone was exponential. The warning value of urban construction area was 60 km~2 to ensure the ecological base flow of Xiaowei River. ③ The monthly average concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus of Xiaowei River exceeded the V-class water quality standard. The current situation of high pollution in winter and spring made it more severe and urgent to guarantee the ecological base flow of Xiaowei River. [Conclusion] The urban construction of Yangling Demonstration Zone is closely related to the ecological base flow of rivers around the city, especially Xiaowei River. Sponge city construction is an important development direction for the developing cities in the future.更多还原