【摘要】 生态学现已成为一门宏观与微观相结合、多学科交叉的综合学科。美国高校的生态学专业注重生态学相关理论和分析方法、实验技能及应用的系统培养,课程设置也充分体现这一特点。以美国佐治亚大学、加州大学戴维斯分校和芝加哥大学的生态学专业为例,主要表现在:开设的学科交叉复合课程多、在课程设置上遵循循序渐进的原则,注重课程梯度;研讨类课程较多;倡导实行主辅修制,强化实践教学、提高学生实践和研究能力等方面。这些做法可为我国高校在生态学专业建设和人才培养过程中提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecology is a multidisciplinary course based on the combination of macroscopical and microcosmic methods.Systematical training in ecological theories and analytical approaches as well as experimental skills and application are greatly concerned for curriculum provision of ecology specialty in USA universities and colleges. Taking three universities,i.e, University of Georgia, University of California-Davis, and University of Chicago as examples, the main characteristics of ecology courses may be:(1) Many interdisciplinary courses are offered, especially for the honorary students.(2) Curricular provision follows the principle of "step by step" and grade-designed practice teaching system is focused.(3) More seminar courses are included.(4) The major-minor system is established and advocated.(5) Practical Teaching is strengthened for improvement of students’ practice and research ability. These practices and experiences are of reference value to construction and talents training of the ecology specialty in China colleges and universities.更多还原