【摘要】 本文旨在研究由新信息技术(IT)驱动的社会转型模式。不同于诸如技术决定论或社会决定论这样的传统单向视角,本文所采用的SST(技术的社会研究)方法,考虑到了技术子系统与社会子系统之间的相互作用。虽然可以用不同的方式对信息技术的社会影响进行分析,但从结构、制度、文化和心理四个关键方面进行分析更为合适。在这里,结构和心理方面分别代表宏观和微观维度,而制度和文化方面则分别代表功能和象征维度。此外,结构/制度和文化/心理方面分别代表客观和主观维度,而结构/文化和制度—心理方面则分别代表语境和文本维度。在这种分类框架的基础之上,可以明确网络社会、弹性社会、赛博社会和自我导向的社会四种社会类型。然后,在"异位社会"这一首要的覆盖性概念之下,正在进行的技术社会型构(TSF)的特征和机理获得了深度考察。此外,本文还从复杂系统范式的视角探讨了新兴技术社会型构的发展前景。这种新技术社会型构将是一种典型的耗散系统,该系统利用自组织力量来提升一种内部复杂性,使其达到与均衡状态完全不同的超稳定状态之中。它将具有网格社会的结构,错综复杂,经纬交织;或者"根茎社会"的形状,扩张更为随机,不可预定。此外,它可能会成为一个信息自由流通的"流动社会"。这种基于IT的新技术社会型构可能在发展过程中会遇到两个严重的问题。第一个是复杂性陷阱,秩序不会从混乱中自动建立。相反,混乱会加剧,可能会导致无法挽回的灾难。第二个是实质性陷阱,也就是人性、伦理和美学的脆弱性等问题。为了提高在高科技社会中应对这些问题的能力,有必要将基于机械世界观的"现代知识范式"替换为"新知识范式",以适应一个更加复杂的新社会环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study attempts to examine the patterns of societal transformation driven by new information technologies(IT). Instead of conventional unidirectional approaches such as technological deterministic or social determinist perspective, SST(social study of technology) approach that takes into account the reciprocal interaction between technological subsystem and social system is adopted. Although societal impacts of IT can be analyzed in diverse ways, basically it seems appropriate to make analyses in terms of following four key aspects-structural, institutional, cultural and mental ones. Here, structural and mental aspect represents macro and micro dimension, and institutional and cultural aspect, functional and symbolic dimension respectively. In addition, structure/institution and cultural/mental aspect represent objective and subjective dimension, and structural/cultural and institutional-mental aspect, contextual and textual dimension respectively. Based on such classificatory scheme, four types of society-network society, flexible society, cyber-society and self-directed society-can be articulated. Next, under the overarching concept of‘heterotopic society,’characters and dynamics of ongoing technological social formation(TSF) are investigated. Prospect of emerging TSF is explored in light of complexity system paradigm. This neo-TSF would be a typical dissipative system that uses self-organizing power to promote internal complexity amid a meta-stable state far different from an equilibrium one. It will have the structure of grid society with a complicatedly intertwined warp and woof, or the shape of a"rhizome society"which expands in more random,not predetermined way. Also, it is likely to be a"fluid society"where information circulates freely. Such IT-based neo-TSF is expected to encounter two serious problems during the development process. The first is a pitfall of complexity trap. Order may not automatically be established out of chaos. Instead, chaos can be aggravated, possibly leading to an irrecoverable catastrophe. The second is that of substantive trap. That is the vulnerability to humanistic, ethical and aesthetic issues. In order to enhance the capability to cope with these problematics in a high-tech society, it is necessary to replace"modern knowledge paradigm"based on a mechanical world view with"new knowledge paradigm,"which is fitting to a new social environment of greater complexity.更多还原