【摘要】 以荷兰及绿心地区为研究对象,评价欧盟"脱钩支付"农业政策对农业产业及景观变迁的影响。将政策实施前后多年脱钩支付占荷兰农业补贴比例,分别与各产业生产规模、单产水平、经营单位及劳动力数量等指标变化进行相关分析,探究政策对农业产业发展的影响;对农业景观进行格局指数比较分析,探究产业变迁对区域农业景观的影响。研究表明,基于生态补偿的脱钩支付政策,造成主要产业生产规模与单产水平两极分化、低效农用地下降、劳动生产率提升;并导致农业用地规模与内部比例变化,景观集聚度、延展性、蔓延度等指标提高。在我国面临主要农产品产能结构性过剩、大城市地区生态环境压力过大等现实背景下,展开生态补偿制度刻不容缓;分析欧盟脱钩支付政策对农业与生态环境的影响,可为我国类似制度的设计提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper takes Dutch and green heart as research objects to evaluate the impact of EU "decoupling payment" agricultural policy on agricultural industry and landscape change.This paper analyzes the proportion of agricultural subsidies in Dutch before and after the policy’s implementation,and analyzes the changes in production scale,yield level,business unit and labor force of each industry,to explore the policies’ impact on the development of agricultural industry.This paper makes a comparative analysis on the pattern index of agricultural landscape to explore industrial changes’ impact on regional agricultural landscape.Results show that the decoupling payment policy,which is based on ecological compensation,have caused the polarization of production scale and per unit yield level of major industries,the decline of inefficient agricultural land,the increase of labor productivity,the change of agricultural land scale and internal proportion,and the improvement of landscape agglomeration,ductility and contagion.Under the realistic background of overcapacity structure of main agricultural products and excessive pressure of ecological environment in metropolitan areas,it is urgent to launch ecological compensation system.The analysis of the impact of EU decoupling payment policy on agriculture and ecological environment can provide reference for the design of similar systems in China.更多还原