【摘要】 目的调查高校社区更年期女性知、信、行(KABP)现状及其生存质量,为制定高校更年期综合保健服务政策提供理论依据。方法选取2016年6月至2018年6月西北工业大学辖区内40～60岁更年期妇女376例作为研究对象,将研究对象按照年龄随机分为40～44岁组、45～49岁组、50～54岁组及55～60岁组。采用自制问卷、改良Kupperman评分量表及世界卫生组织生存质量量表(WHOQOL-BREF),对其更年期相关知识、健康生活方式、更年期症状及生存质量情况进行调查和评估。结果高校社区更年期妇女对更年期相关知识的知晓率及健康生活方式采纳率都处于较高水平,各项知识掌握程度由高到低依次为更年期定义(84.3%)、更年期主要症状(80.6%)、更年期激素治疗(64.6%)、骨质疏松预防(57.5%)、激素水平变化(53.7%)及体质指数计算方法(52.4%);健康生活方式采纳率较高的为低盐饮食(91.8%)和定期乳腺检查(80.6%)。各年龄组的更年期定义、激素水平变化和更年期激素治疗比较差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为27.072、16.378、14.914,均P<0.05)。各年龄组中Kupperman得分比较差异有统计学意义(F=219.745,P<0.05)。更年期症状发生率前三位分别为潮热出汗(77.7%)、心悸(57.4%)和抑郁(49.7%)。各年龄组更年期妇女在生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域、环境领域、总生存质量及总健康状况6个领域WHOQOL-BREF得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论高校更年期女性知、信、行情况较为乐观,更年期症状轻重与年龄因素有关,而生存质量与年龄无关,今后可提供综合性全科服务模式进一步提高生活质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To survey the current status of the knowledge,attitude,belief,and practice(KABP)and quality of life(QOL)of menopausal women in university community so as to provide theoretical basis for comprehensive health management of them.Methods From June 2016 to June 2018,376 women aged 40-60 years old in Northwestern Polytechnical University community were selected and they were divided into group aged 40-44 years,group aged 45-49 years,group aged 50-54 years and group aged 55-60 years.A self-designed questionnaire,modified Kupperman scale and World Health Organization quality of life(WHOQOL-BREF)were used to survey KABP,healthy lifestyle,menopausal symptoms and QOL of them.Results The menopausal women in the university community had high levels of menopause related knowledge and a high rate for adopting healthy lifestyle.The knowledge mastered by them best was the definition of menopause(84.3%),followed by the main menopausal symptoms(80.6%),menopausal hormonotherapy(64.6%),prevention of osteoporosis(57.5%),changes of hormonal level(53.7%)and calculation of BMI(52.4%).In terms of healthy lifestyle low salt diet(91.8%)and regular breast examination(80.6%)were accepted with relatively high rate.There were significant differences in definition of menopause,changes of hormonal level and menopausal hormonotherapy among different groups(χ~2 value was 27.072,16.378 and 14.914,respectively,all P<0.05).The difference in Kupperman score among different groups was statistically significant(F=219.745,P<0.05).The first three symptoms were hot flashes(77.7%),heart palpitations(57.4%)and depression(49.7%).There was no significant difference in WHOQOL-BREF scores in physiological field,psychological field,social relationship,environment,total quality of life and total healthy status among all groups(all P>0.05).Conclusion The KABP of menopausal women in the university community are more optimistic,and the severity of menopausal symptoms is related to age.But the QOL is not related to age.In the future,we can provide a comprehensive general service mode to further improve the QOL.更多还原