【摘要】 [目的]探究植物还原法制备纳米银溶胶对人参病原真菌的高效抗菌作用,以减少内吸性杀菌剂对环境的污染。[方法]采用植物还原法,以黑心菊超声水提液为还原剂,制备纳米银溶胶,并对纳米银粒子进行全方位表征;通过菌丝生长速率法测定纳米银溶胶、内吸性杀菌剂和2者的混合物对3种人参病原真菌的抑菌活性。[结果]纳米银粒子平均直径为1.8 nm,且分散性均匀,产率为89.99%;14.29 mg/L纳米银溶胶（均低于3种内吸性杀菌剂质量浓度）对Botrytis cinerea、Cylindrocarpon destructans和Fusarium solani的抑制效果均为最好,EC₅₀值分别为1.6919、2.1046、4.3868 mg/L,EC₉₀值分别为39.5124、20.5182、78.6884 mg/L。[结论]植物还原法制备的纳米银溶胶与内吸性杀菌剂相比具有更高的抗菌活性,纳米银溶胶-内吸性杀菌剂复配物与内吸性杀菌剂相比,大量减少了内吸性杀菌剂的使用,为植物源农药的开发提供了一种新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Aims] This study aims to investigate the inhibition effects of nano-silver sol to pathogenic fungi on ginseng to reduce the environmental pollution of systemic fungicides. [Methods] By plant reduction method, the nano-silver sol was prepared by using the ultrasonic extract of rudbeckia as reducing agent, and the nano-silver particles were characterized in all directions. By mycellial growth rate method, the inhibition effects of the nano-silver sol, the systemic fungicide, and the mixture of the two against three ginseng pathogenic fungi were determined. [Results] The average diameter of nano-silver particles was 1.8 nm and the dispersion was uniform, the production rate is 89.99%.14.29 mg/L nano-silver sol(the concentration is lower than that of three systemic fungicides) had the best inhibition effect against Botrytis cinerea, Cylindrocarpon destructans and Fusarium solani on ginseng. The EC50 values were1.6919, 2.1046 and 4.3868 mg/L respectively, and the EC90 values were 39.5124, 20.5182 and 78.6884 mg/L respectively. [Conclusions] Antifungal activity of nano silver sol prepared by plant reduction method was higher than that of systemic fungicide. Complex of nano silver sol and systemic fungicide greatly reduces the use of endogenous fungicides; it provides a new idea for the development of plant-derived fungicides.更多还原