【摘要】 抗战后期,军事委员会体制弊端日益显露。整个机构臃肿庞大,军政腐败废弛,从而加剧了战场局势的恶化,军政部长何应钦因此成为众矢之的。作为国民党最高领导人的蒋介石对此并非没有察觉,但其最初仍试图以个别人事调整来挽回局面,对于变革整个体制则徘徊反复。河南会战丧师失地,终使蒋介石意识到军事中枢机构非改不可。在此前后,经历史迪威事件风波,中美军事关系重新密切,美方从旁督促建议,向蒋介石提出军委会改革方案。最终蒋介石作出抉择,将军委会改组为国防部,整个改组过程跨越了抗战胜利这一历史节点。更多还原

【Abstract】 At the later stage of the war of resistance against Japan,the military committee system had increasingly revealed its defects.The over-staffed organization coupled with the corruption in both the military and governments and slack disciplines further deteriorated the situations in the battlefield.He Yingqin,Minister of Junzhengbu(roughly the department of military adminstration)therefore became the target of public criticism.Though Chiang Kai-shek as the top leader of the KMT government did notice the problem,he still attempted to save the situation through individual personnel adjustment and became particularly hesitant in terms of transforming the whole system.The defeat in the Battle of Henan made Chiang Kai-Shek realize that the core military organizations must be reformed.Around this time,China had resumed their close relationship with the U.S.government after the Stillwell Incident.The American side also urged and proposed a reform scheme of the Military Committee to Chiang Kai-Shek.Finally,Chiang Kai-Shek made a decision to reorganize the Military Committee to the Ministry of Defense.The whole reorganization process overlapped the historical moment of the victory of the war of resistance against Japan.更多还原