【摘要】 "大札撒"是元代重要的法律术语。窝阔台时期,成吉思汗制定的各种札撒被严格遵循,并被汇集颁行,取名"大札撒",即"华言大法令"。随着元代法律的发展,忽必烈时期,"大札撒"在国家统一和蒙古民族统一中的价值不断被强化以及在国家法律中的适用范围越来越小,被尊为祖训。由于不适用于汉人、南人,且被秘存,在大德年间又被汉地民间称之为"依条例法度"。元代"大札撒"含义有三:一是成吉思汗法典;二是蒙古人祖训;三是遵循法律。大札撒含义由大法令到依法的演变发展,是元代法律发展的结果,也符合汉语词语发展规律。元明更替后,"大札撒"仅指成吉思汗法典,在中华法文化中,不具有多重法文化含义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dazhasan(Yassa) is an important legal term in Yuan Dynasty. During the House of Ogedei, series of regulations(Zhasan) issued by Genghis Khan were strictly carried out and collectively named Dazhasan, or the Great Yassa. During Kublai Khan’s regime, Dazhasan were further codified and expanded to enforce unified Mongolian cultural and life-style conventions and their role in national unity. These legal decrees were treated as ancestors’ codes with an ever shrinking application range. Preserved in secret archives and only accessible to the royal families, Dazhasan did not apply to Han peoples and Southern peoples, so were merely referred to as "The Ordinance(the de facto law)" among Han populace. Dazhasan in Yuan Dynasty denoted three senses: decrees laid down by Genghis Khan, Mongolian ancestral disciplines, and observation to legal regulations. Evolving from grand assize to the de facto law, Dazhasan reflects the legal development in Yuan Dynasty and matches with the logic of the Chinese language development. After Yuan Dynasty was replaced by the Ming dynasty, Dazhasan only denoted Genghis Khan’s secret decree codes, and no longer embodied multiple senses in Chinese legalistic culture更多还原