【摘要】 从制造业角度入手,综合梳理研究FDI对中国制造行业就业影响的相关文献,发现其作用机制为技术进步和收入水平,并总结出研发投入和对外开放程度是FDI影响行业就业的外生因素。在此基础上,采用2005—2014年中国制造行业面板数据实证检验FDI对就业的影响,在传统OLS回归基础上,运用GMM、2SLS进行内生性检验。检验结果表明,FDI对中国制造行业就业的作用系数为正,说明随着FDI引进增多能够促进中国行业就业;进而采用多种实证方法在解决内生性和异方差等问题后发现,该结论依然稳健;最后通过门槛回归检验发现,FDI对制造业就业的影响存在明显的门槛特征,且主要受到研发投入的作用,当研发投入高于15.516时,FDI对制造业就业的影响更为显著。当前政策的着力点应在继续坚持"引进来"发展战略的基础上,加强中国FDI的行业投资导向,并注重对劳动密集型行业优惠政策的制定和实施,加大研发投入力度和对外开放程度,以提高二者对FDI促进制造业就业的激励作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the view of manufacturing industry, this article reviews relevant literature of impact of FDI on employment of China’s manufacturing industry, and summarizes its mechanism for technological progress and income level, as well as exogenous factors from R&D investment and degree of opening up. On this basis, the panel data ofChina’s manufacturing industry during 2005 to 2014 is used to test the impact of FDI on employment, and GMM and 2 SLS are used for endogenous test on the basis of traditional OLS regression. The test results show that the effect of FDI on the employment is positive, indicating that the introduction of FDI promotes the employment in China. After a variety of empirical methods are used to solve the problem of endogenous and heteroscedasticity, it has found that the conclusion is still robust. Finally, it is found that the impact of FDI on employment is non-linear through GMM test. The influence result is mainly effected by R&D, and when R&D investment is higher than 15.516, the impact of FDI on employment is more significant. The focus of current policy is to continuously adhere to the "bring in" development strategy, strengthen industrial investment orientation of FDI in China, pay attention to formulation and implementation of preferential policies for labor-intensive industries, and increase the investment in research and development and the degree of opening to the outside world, so as to improve the incentive role of FDI in promoting employment.更多还原