【摘要】 从患病鲫鱼肝、肾、血体内分离到JYV1605101和JYF1605102 2株细菌,人工感染试验和溶血活性测定表明这2株菌对健康鲫鱼具有较强毒力,菌株JYV1605101对鲫鱼LD₅₀为3.31×10³cfu·g^-1,对绵羊、小鼠、乌鳢、鲫鱼、鲤鱼、加州鲈等6种动物血细胞呈β溶血;菌株JYF1605102对鲫鱼LD₅₀为1.48×10²cfu·g^-1,对乌鳢、鲫鱼、鲤鱼、加州鲈的血细胞呈β溶血,但对绵羊和小鼠血细胞呈α溶血.经形态学观察,生理生化试验及16S rDNA基因序列分析,鉴定菌株JYV1605101为维隆气单胞菌（Aeromonas veronii）,菌株JYF1605102为腐败希瓦菌（Shewanella putrefaciens）.菌株JYV1605101具有胞外蛋白酶、明胶酶、淀粉酶活性,不具有脲酶、脂酶和卵磷脂酶活性;菌株JYF1605102具有胞外蛋白酶、明胶酶活性,不具有脲酶、脂酶、淀粉酶和卵磷脂酶活性.药敏试验表明,2株菌都对其中的18种药物较敏感,根据渔业用药规定和常用药情况,氟苯尼考、四环素、米诺环素、强力霉素可作为鲫鱼维隆气单胞菌和腐败希瓦菌感染的候选控制药物.更多还原

【Abstract】 Two bacterial strains were isolated from sick crucian carp,Carassiu sauratus,JYV1605101 and JYV1605102.The artificial infection test and hemolytic tests suggested both strains were highly toxic.The LD₅₀of strain JYV1605101 to crucian carp was 3.90×10⁶cfu·mL^-1.Strain JYV1605101 isβ-hemolytic to blood of Ovis aries,Mus musculus,Channa argus,Carassius auratus,Cyprinus carpio and Micropterus salmoides.The LD₅₀ of strain JYF1605102 to crucian carp was 2.36×10⁵cfu·mL^-1.Strain JYV1605102 isβ-hemolytic to blood of C.argus,C.auratus,C.carpio and M.salmoides andα-hemolytic to blood of O.aries and M.musculus.The morphology observation,biochemical characteristic and 16s rDNA sequencing analysis showed that strain JYV1605101 was A.veronii and strain JYV1605102 was S.putrefaciens.Strain JYV1605101 produces the extracellular enzyme activity of protease,gelatinase and amylase,rather than the activity of urease,lipase and lecithinase.Strain JYF1605102 has the extracellular enzyme activity of protease and gelatinase,rather than the activity of amylase,urease,lipase and lecithinase.The result of drug sensitivity test demonstrated that both strains are relatively sensitive to18 types of drugs.According to the regulation of fishery medication and usage of routine drugs,it is suggested that florfenicol,tetracycline,minocycline and doxycycline could be considered as the candidate treatment to the crucian carp diseases caused by A.veronii and S.putrefaciens.更多还原