【摘要】 黄曲霉毒素毒性强、难降解,对其高效去除是近年来国内外研究的重点.本研究以聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）微滤膜为基底,经聚多巴胺（PDA）改性后,共价接枝聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷（APTES）、壳寡糖（CS）和氧化海藻酸钠（ADA）,以调控膜表面的荷电性和亲水性,提高吸附膜对黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）的去除能力.研究发现,原PVDF膜对AFB1的吸附量为17.5×10^-3μg/cm²,接枝改性后吸附膜对AFB1的吸附效果显著提高,其中PDA/ADA膜的吸附量可达到37.2×10^-3μg/cm².溶液中低浓度蛋白质和油脂对吸附膜的性能影响不大.由于吸附膜主要通过氢键、静电和疏水作用吸附AFB1,可利用pH为11的氢氧化钠溶液对其进行洗脱,实现吸附膜的重复使用.AFB1在洗脱液中被化学降解,20 min内降解率达80%,利用纳滤膜可对洗脱液回收再利用,纳滤透过液中未检测到AFB1残留.更多还原

【Abstract】 Aflatoxin is highly toxic and difficult to degrade, and the efficient removal of aflatoxin has attracted more and more attentions in recent years. In this study, in order to improve the removal ability of aflatoxin B1（AFB1） by the membrane adsorber, polyvinylidene fluoride（PVDF） microfiltration membrane was modified by polydopamine（PDA）, and then grafted by polyethyleneimine（PEI）, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane（APTES）, chitosan oligosaccharide（CS） and oxidized sodium alginate（ADA） respectively to regulate the charge and hydrophilicity of the membrane surface. It was found that the adsorption capacity of AFB1 on the original PVDF membrane was 17.5×10^-3 μg/cm². After PDA coating and subsequent grafting, the adsorption capacity of the membrane adsorber on AFB1 was significantly improved, reaching 37.2×10^-3 μg/cm² for the PDA/ADA coated membrane. Low concentrations of protein and oil in the solution had negligible effect on the performance of the membrane adsorber. Since the adsorption mechanisms of AFB1 by these membrane adsorbers are hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, they could be eluted and regenerated by an alkaline solution with a pH of 11. AFB1 was chemically degraded by this alkaline solution, and the degradation efficiency achieved 80% within 20 min. The eluent could be purified by nanofiltration membrane for reuse, and no AFB1 residue was detected in the permeate.更多还原