【摘要】 利用1982-2013年柴达木盆地5-10月的降水量、气温、日照时数、相对湿度和平均风速等气象资料,结合夏季风指数、经纬向环流指数等大气环流资料及植被覆盖指数对柴达木盆地气候时空变化的区域显著性成因进行讨论.研究表明,除相对湿度变化不明显外,柴达木盆地降水和气温显著上升,日照时数和平均风速显著减小,同时,空间分布具有明显的经向地带性特征;降水量、平均气温、日照时数和平均风速均有突变发生,其中,盆地东部降水、气温、平均风速的突变时间早于西部,东部的日照时数突变时间晚于西部,区域差异特征明显;各气候要素的周期变化具有共性特征,周期变化基本在32、16、10～12、5～6和2～3 a等时间尺度附近变动;在全球变暖背景下,盆地气候变化具有的区域特征可能是亚洲夏季风、经纬向环流、副热带高压等气候系统以及下垫面植被演变等因素综合作用的结果.更多还原

【Abstract】 An analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the meteorological data such as precipitation, temperature, sunshine hours, relative humidity and wind velocity, and the information of summer monsoon, zonal and meridional circulation, and vegetation cover from 1982 to 2013 revealed the climate contributing factors of regional differences. The results showed that precipitation and temperature displayed a significant increasing trend, which had the distinct characteristics of longitudinal zonality. Sunshine hours and wind velocity exhibited a significantly decreasing trend, while relative humidity did not have an obvious change trend. There was significant differentiation in the period of sudden change for precipitation, temperature, sunshine hours and wind velocity in two regions. The periods of sudden change for precipitation, temperature and wind velocity in the eastern region were obviously earlier than those of the western region, while the sunshine hours were the opposite. Significant cycles were found on series of 32, 16, 10-12, 5-6 and 2-3 a for meteorological elements. In the global warming situation, summer monsoon, zonal and meridional circulation, subtropical high pressure and the underlying surface,were the contributing factors to the regional differentiation of the climate change in Qaidam Basin.更多还原