【摘要】 清代前期,诗坛给予了竟陵派很多关注,诸多评论者表达了各自的看法。清初,钱谦益、王夫之及顾炎武等人竭力批判钟惺、谭元春,由此带动了一股贬抑竟陵派的诗坛风气,他们的批评态度表现出感性、偏颇的特征。之后,吴伟业、王士禛等人的批评态度渐趋理性,他们开始反思、重建竟陵派的诗坛定位,得出的论断也更为客观、公允。出现上述变化,与明清易代的政治现实密切相关。明末清初,竟陵派风行天下,影响诗坛三十多年。论者面对明亡,强化诗道与国运的联系,认为竟陵派"为孽于斯世",故多偏颇之论;至康熙朝,社会渐趋稳定,论者已无黍离之悲的激烈情感,且竟陵派式微,故而,对竟陵派持论日趋客观公允。竟陵派在清前期成了评论者传达自身诗歌理念的工具,其接受变化恰是不同诗歌流派鼓吹自身诗歌理念的间接反映。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the early Qing Dynasty,many poetry commentators paid close attention to Jingling School. Scholars such as Qian Qianyi,Wang Fuzhi and Gu Yanwu strongly criticized Jingling School with emotional and biased attitudes,which led to the disparagement of Jingling School in the poetry circle. Afterwards,the criticism by scholars including Wu Weiye and Wang Shizhen gradually became rational. They began to reflect and rebuild the position of Jingling School,and more objective and fair conclusions were drawn. The changes of comments had close relationship with the political reality of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. At that time,Jingling School had enjoyed a high reputation for over thirty years. Facing the fall of Ming dynasty,the reviewers emphasized the relations between poetry and fate of the nation. They emotionally reckoned that Jingling School is harmful to the society.During Kangxi’s reign in the Qing Dynasty,the society had become stable. The strong emotions on the change of dynasty disappeared,and Jingling School had little influence then,so the comments tended to be objective. By sorting out the changes of comments on Jingling School and the internal causes,we can better understand the acceptance history of Jingling School,as well as the many dynamic characteristics of the poetry circle in the Qing Dynasty.更多还原