【摘要】 目的分析中药炮制过程中减毒方法的临床应用效果。方法选取60只SPF级KM小鼠进行中药附子减毒的喂食研究,根据炮制过程中的不同减毒方法进行分组,分为盐制组、加热组、水制组,每组20只。盐制组洗净泥附子浸于食盐与盐卤的混合液体中,每日取出晒凉,直至附子表层出现大量结晶、结霜盐粒,体质变硬为止;加热组武火炒热净砂,加入净附片炒至鼓起微变色,筛砂后摊开晾凉;水制组取盐附子以清水漂尽盐分,再与甘草、黑豆加水共煮至透心,切开口尝无麻舌感时取出附子切薄片晾干。对比分析3种不同方减毒方法在中药附子炮制过程中的应用效果。结果 3种不同减毒方法喂食后,个别小鼠在喂食30 min内出现中毒症状,如呼吸急促、反应迟钝、活动量减少等,2～3 h后毒性症状消失,虽有一定的毒性反应,但均无死亡小鼠;盐制组与加热组的毒性反应发生率均为10.0%,水制组为15.0%,不同喂食组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经不同炮制减毒后,有剧毒的生附子变为低毒的制附子,且其内部的化学成分有明显变化,有毒成分减少,药效成分增加。结论中药附子炮制过程中的减毒方法有很多种,不同减毒方法的应用效果略有不同,但均可减少附子的有毒成分,增加药效,对临床安全用药具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the clinical application effect of attenuating method in the process of Chinese medicine processing. Methods 60 SPF-grade KM mice were selected for the attenuated feeding of Chinese medicine aconite. According to different attenuation methods in the processing, they were divided into salt group, heating group and water group, with 20 in each group. The salt-preserved mud aconite is immersed in a mixed liquid of salt and salt brine, and taken out in the sun every day until a large amount of crystals and frosting salt particles appear on the surface of the aconite, and the body was hardened; the heating group was fired with hot sand and added to the net. Add the pieces to the drum to make the micro-discoloration, sift the sand and spread it to cool; the water group takes the salt aconite to rinse the salt with water, and then cook it with licorice and black beans to the heart, and cut the opening to taste no numbness. Remove the aconite and cut the slices to dry. Compare and analyze the application effects of three different methods of attenuating in the processing of Chinese medicine aconite. Results After feeding with three different attenuating methods, individual mice developed symptoms of poisoning within 30 min of feeding, such as shortness of breath, slow response, and decreased activity. After 2～3 h, the symptoms of toxicity disappeared, although there was a certain toxicity, but there were no death mice; the incidence of toxicity in the salt-treated group and the heating group was 10.0%, and that in the water-based group was 15.0%. There was no statistically significant difference between the different feeding groups(P>0.05). After being poisoned by different processing, the highly toxic raw aconite becomes a low-toxic aconite, and its internal chemical composition changes significantly, the toxic component was reduced, and the medicinal effect component was increased. Conclusion There are many ways to reduce the attenuation of traditional Chinese medicine aconite. The application of different attenuating methods is slightly different, but it can reduce the toxic components of aconite and increase the efficacy, which is of great significance for clinical safe medication.更多还原