【摘要】 身体理论是生命伦理学的理论基础之一,在生命伦理学中具有特别重要的意义。从某种意义上讲,生命伦理学就是反思干预身体的道德合法性问题。从生命伦理学视域反观身体理论,其本质就是身体和人格的关系,这个关系十分复杂。因为生命伦理视域中的身体具有与其他人文社会科学中的身体不一样的特征,这主要表现在生命伦理中除了关涉一般的身体以外,还经常涉及一些特殊的身体,如出生前的身体、死亡后的身体、生病的身体、部分的身体、被操控和被消费的身体等。因此,在生命伦理学中,传统的身体理论遭遇了一系列困境和挑战。只有重新建构身体理论,才能有利于这些困境的解决,同时促进生命伦理学的发展。在生命伦理学的身体理论重构工程中,后现代西方哲学中的身体转向、身体现象学中的身体理论、女性主义的身体研究成果、中国古代哲学中的身体理论,以及当代心理学和神经科学等学科中有关身体的概念都是可供借鉴的资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 The body theory is one of the theoretical foundations of Bioethics. Adopting what kind of theory of the body is significant for bioethics for bioethics, in a sense, is reflecting on the ethical legitimacy of all kinds of intervention in the body. The Essence of the body theory reflecting from bioethical perspective is a complicated relationship between body and personality. Because the characteristics of the body in bioethics are different from which in other humanities and social science disciplines. That means bioethics often relates to some special bodies except the general body,such as body during pregnancy, sick body, part of the body, the body being manipulated and consumed, etc. The traditional body theory meets with a series of dilemma and challenges which can not be resolved without reconstruction of the body theory in bioethics. In the process of reconstruction of the theory of the body from bioethical perspective, the "body turn" in post-modern western philosophy, the body theory in the phenomenology of the body, the achievement on the body of feminist, the body theory in ancient Chinese philosophy, and the body concepts used in modern psychology and neuroscience, are all helpful resources for reference.更多还原