【摘要】 通过室内模拟实验研究了金潮原因种铜藻(Sargassumhorneri)的腐烂液和培养液对绿潮原因种浒苔(Ulvaprolifera)微观繁殖体萌发和幼苗生长以及五种赤潮原因种——中肋骨条藻(Skeletonemacostatum)、链状亚历山大藻(Alexandriumcatenella)、东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)、米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)和赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo)生长的影响。研究发现:低浓度铜藻腐烂液(10g/L)对浒苔微观繁殖体萌发和幼苗的生长以及五种赤潮微藻的生长影响效应不显著;中等浓度铜藻腐烂液(20g/L)对浒苔微观繁殖体萌发具有抑制作用,抑制率13.3%,而对浒苔幼苗有一定的促生作用,对米氏凯伦藻的生长抑制率在第12d能达到90.4%,对其他四种赤潮微藻的抑制作用并不显著;高浓度铜藻腐烂液(40g/L)对浒苔微观繁殖体萌发的抑制率为45.8%,对浒苔幼苗的生长具有抑制作用,对米氏凯伦藻具有致死效应,对东海原甲藻的抑制率在第12d为65.9%,对其他三种赤潮微藻的生长均有抑制作用,但并不显著,其中赤潮异弯藻受到的抑制作用最小。低浓度铜藻培养液(5g/L)对浒苔微观繁殖体萌发的抑制率为22.8%,对浒苔幼苗的生长表现出一定的促进作用,对米氏凯伦藻生长的抑制率在第12d能够达到40.5%,对其他四种赤潮微藻生长的抑制作用不显著;而高浓度铜藻培养液(10g/L)对浒苔微观繁殖体萌发的抑制率为29.6%,对浒苔幼苗生长的抑制率为22.2%,对米氏凯伦藻生长的抑制率在第12d为92.9%,对其他四种赤潮微藻生长均有一定的抑制作用,但不显著,且赤潮异弯藻受到抑制作用最小。可见,铜藻腐烂液和培养液均会对浒苔微观繁殖体萌发和幼苗生长以及五种赤潮微藻的生长造成影响,且影响程度与浓度相关,五种赤潮微藻生长受到的影响与藻种有关。以上结果表明,金潮原因种对绿潮和赤潮原因种的生长有一定的影响,金潮的暴发和衰亡过程也会对绿潮和赤潮的发生产生一定的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the effects of golden-tide causative Sargassum horneri against several harmful-algal-bloomcausative microalgae species.culture medium of S. horneri("the medium" hereinafter) and liquid of decomposed S. horneri("the liquid" hereinafter) were tested in laboratory simulation to see the impacts on the gamete germination(GG) and seedling growth(SG) of common green-tide causative Ulva prolifera and the growth of five red-tide causative microalgae(G5 A)(Skeletonema costatum.Alexandrium catenella.Prorocentrum donghaiense.Karenia mikimotoi.and Heterosigma akashiwo). Simulations of the impacts of the medium were conducted in concentration of 10.20.and 40 g/L.and that of the liquid in 5 and 10 g/L; the durations were 24 h.15 d.and 12 d for GG.SG.and G5 A.respectively; all the tests were aerobic in 20°C and darkness. The results reveal that the effect of the liquid in 10 g/L was not significant.while in 20 g/L.it inhibited the GG by 13.3%. On Day 12.the liquid inhibited K. mikimotoi growth by 90.4%; however.it promoted the SG but the G5 A. The liquid in 40 g/L strongly inhibited GG by 45.8%.and lethal to K. mikimotoi. On Day 12.the liquid inhibited P. donghaiense growth by 65.9%.while did not so on other red-tide microalgae growth.of which the effect on H. akashiwo was the minimum. On the other hand.the medium in 5 g/L inhibited GG by 22.8%.but promoted SG. On Day 12.except that the inhibition rate of K. mikimotoi was 40.5%.the effect on other G5 A was not significant. The medium in 10 g/L showed an inhibition effect on GG by 29.6%.on SG by 22.2%.and on K. mikimotoi by 92.9% on Day 12.while it was not significant on other G5 A.and the least inhibited on H. akashiwo. Therefore.both the liquid and the medium could affect the GG and SG.and G5 A. The degree of impact was related to the algal concentration and was species-specific. This study indicates that a golden-tide species could affect a green or red tide species. The outbreak and decline of a golden tide may influence the occurrence of green tide or red tide.更多还原