【摘要】 为探讨双孢菇渣堆肥基质对夏季草莓生长及光合特性的影响,将双孢菇渣堆肥、草炭和珍珠岩按不同体积比配制成5种配方基质:T1处理（1∶1∶1）、T2处理（2∶1∶1）、T3处理（1∶2∶1）、T4处理（2∶0∶1）、T5处理（1∶0∶2）,以V（草炭）∶V（珍珠岩）=2∶1为对照（CK）,通过测定与分析草莓的生长状况和光合生理特性,筛选适合夏季草莓生长的基质配方。结果表明:T3处理草莓株高除在7月11日和7月31日2个生长时期低于T1外,其他生长时期株高从高到低依次均为T3>T1>T2>T4>CK>T5;T3和T1处理相比其他处理更有利于叶柄的伸长和叶面积的增加,且T3优于T1;在5个生长时期,相比其他处理,T5处理在增加草莓植株的株高、叶柄长、叶柄粗和叶面积方面效果较差。除T2的净光合速率比CK高外,不同配方基质初果期草莓的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO₂浓度均低于CK;气孔限制值均高于CK。T1处理净光合速率和气孔导度极显著低于CK（P<0.01）,蒸腾速率显著低于CK（P<0.05）,T4处理的蒸腾速率显著低于CK（P<0.05）、气孔限制值极显著高于CK（P<0.01）,说明T1和T4处理相比CK,显著改变了植株光合作用的某些相关因素。综上,双孢菇渣堆肥基质能促进草莓的生长,其中以T3处理的栽培效果较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the effects of composted substrates of Agaricus bisporus residue on growth and photosynthetic characteristic of strawberry in summer,five formulated substrates were prepared by utilizing composted Agaricus bisporus residue,peat and perlite according to different volume ratios: T1[V（Agaricus bisporus residue）∶V（peat）∶V（perlite）=1∶1∶1),T2（2∶1∶1）,T3（1∶2∶1）,T4（2∶0∶1）,T5（1∶0∶2）,their effects on the growth and photosynthetic characteristic of strawberry were studied with V（peat）∶V（perlite）=2∶1 as CK,and the substrate formula suitable for the growth of strawberry in summer was screened.The results showed that except that the plant height of strawberry treated with T3 was lower than that of T1 at the two growth stages on July 11 and 31,the order of plant height at other growth stages was T3>T1>T2>T4>CK>T5.Compared with other treatments,T3 and T1 treatments were more conducive to petiole elongation and leaf area increase,and T3 treatment was better than T1 treatment.Compared with other treatments,T5 treatments had less effect in increasing plant height,petiole length,petiole diameter and leaf area of strawberry plants in five growth stages.The net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO₂ concentration of strawberry at the initial fruit stage in different formulation matrices were lower than CK excpet the net photosynthetic rate of T2 higher than CK,while stomatal limitation values were higher than CK.The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of T1 treatment were significantly lower than CK（P<0.01）,and transpiration rate was significantly lower than CK（P<0.05）.The transpiration rate of T4 treatment was significantly lower than that of CK（P<0.05）,stomatal limitation values were significantly higher than CK（P<0.01）.It was deduced that compared with CK,T1 and T4 treatment significantly affected the related factors of plant photosynthesis.In conclusion,the composted matrix of Agaricus bisporus residue can promote the growth of strawberry,and T3 treatment has optimum formula.更多还原