【摘要】 在明确宁春4号与河东乌麦各自品质性状的基础上,以宁春4号与河东乌麦杂交F₂ 331个单株为材料,进行品质性状及其分子标记分析,以期为宁夏回族自治区小麦品质性状改良发掘可利用的育种中间材料和QTL。结果表明,籽粒含水量、硬度、沉降值、蛋白质含量、面筋含量在F₂均出现较大分离,籽粒蛋白质含量、面筋含量、硬度、沉降值的群体平均值分别为14.71%、32.03%、50.98%、34.77 mL,均超过高亲亲本（依次为12.72%、24.06%、48.64%、17.96 mL）,超高亲比例分别达82.94%、90.48%、66.27%、99.60%;含水量的群体平均值（10.72%）介于高亲亲本（10.75%）与低亲亲本（10.01%）之间,超中亲比例达77.78%,超高亲比例达46.63%。蛋白质含量分别与面筋含量和沉降值、含水量与硬度、面筋含量与沉降值均呈极显著正相关。类群Ⅱ、Ⅲ的蛋白质含量、面筋含量和沉降值均较高,为优质类群。利用分子标记检测到携带Bx17、Psy-A1基因的单株分别为233、294株,同时携带Bx17和Psy-A1基因的单株为206株;利用新开发的5个SSR标记共发掘出8个品质性状QTL位点,涉及5A、1B、5B、7B、5D等5条染色体,加性效应为-2.93～1.86,表型贡献率为3%～5%,LOD值最大为9.40,其中,1B和5D染色体存在品质性状QTL富集区。更多还原

【Abstract】 The quality traits and their molecular markers of 331 individual plants of F₂ hybrids from Ningchun No.4 and Hedong black wheat were analyzed based on the clear quality traits of Ningchun No.4 and Hedong black wheat,so as to explore available intermediate materials and QTLs for improvement of wheat quality traits.The results showed that the significant segregation of water content,hardness,sedimentation value,protein content,gluten content appeared in F₂ hybrids.The average values of protein content,gluten content,hardness,sedimentation value were 14.71%,32.03%,50.98%,34.77% respectively,which were all over the high parents（12.72%,24.06%,48.64%,17.96 mL）,the proportions of ultra-high parents were 82.94%,90.48%,66.27%,99.60% respectively.The average value of water content was 10.72%,which was between those of high parent（10.75%） and low parent（10.01%）,the proportions of ultra-mid parent and ultra-high parent were 77.78% and 46.63% respectively.There were significant positive correlations between protein content and gluten content,sedimentation value respectively,between water content and grain hardness,between gluten content,sedimentation value.Cluster Ⅱ and Ⅲ with higher protein content,gluten content and sedimentation value were high quality clusters.There were 233 and 294 individual plants carrying genes Bx17 and Psy-A1 detected by molecular markers respectively,and 206 plants carrying Bx17 and Psy-A1 simultaneously.Eight QTL loci of quality traits were explored by five new developed SSR markers,which were involved in chromosomes 5 A,1 B,5 B,7 B,5 D,the additive effects were from-2.93 to 1.86,the contribution rates to phenotype were from 3% to 5%,the maximum LOD value was 9.40,and there were QTL enrichment regions of quality traits in 1 B and 5 D chromosomes.更多还原