【摘要】 为探究化肥减量配施生物有机肥对油菜产量和土壤细菌的影响,进行了生物有机肥+化肥减量施肥(T1)、灭活生物有机肥+化肥减量施肥(T2)、常规施肥(T3);空白对照(T4)4个处理的田间小区试验。结果表明:处理T1油菜的株高、一次分枝数、二次分枝数、角果数、每角果粒数和千粒重与T2、T3、T4均差异显著。T1地上部生物量最多,达9 904.5 kg/hm~2,T4地上部生物量最少,为3 301.5 kg/hm~2。4个处理的籽粒产量在833.8～1 850.9 kg/hm~2,其中以T1籽粒产量最高。4个处理的纯收益在4 752.7～7 497.6元/hm~2,其中以T1纯收益最高。T1能促进油菜对N、P、K养分的吸收和显著增加油菜叶片中叶绿素的含量及土壤中细菌的数量。说明化肥减量配施生物有机肥能促进油菜的生长,增加籽粒产量和提高经济收益。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the effects of bio-organic fertilizer with reducing application of chemical fertilizer on rape yield and soil bacteria, the field trials were carried out, and four treatments are bio-organic fertilizer + reduced chemical fertilizer(T1), inactivated bioorganic fertilizer + reduced chemical fertilizer(T2), conventional fertilization(T3); blank control(T4). The results showed that the plant height, primary branch number, secondary branch number, number of pods, number of grains per fruit, and 1 000-grain weight of treatment1 were significantly different from 3 other treatments. The above-ground biomass of treatment 1 was the highest, reaching 9 904.5 kg/hm~2,while treatment 4 was the lowest with 3 301.5 kg/hm~2. The yields of the four treatments were between 833.8 and 1 850.9 kg/hm~2, and the treatment 1 was the highest, reaching 1 850.9 kg/hm~2. The net economic returns of the four treatments ranged from 4 752.7 to 7 497.6 yuan/hm~2, and the treatment 1 was the highest, obtained 7 497.6 yuan/hm~2. Treatment 1 could promote the absorption of N, P, K nutrients by rape and significantly increase the chlorophyll content in rape leaves and the amount of bacteria in the soil. The results also showed that bio-organic fertilizer with reduced application of chemical fertilizer could promote the rape growth, and increase grain yield and economic benefits.更多还原