【摘要】 与传统加热过程比较,微波辅助有机合成的优势在于加快反应速率、提高产率和改变化学选择性。研究者们将这种常规加热无法重现的现象称为非热效应,但关于非热效应的存在性一直争论不休,至今微波促进合成反应的作用机理尚不清楚。总结了微波技术在有机合成和化工分离过程的应用进展,综述了近年来国内外对微波热效应与非热效应的研究进展,阐述了微波效应的实例分析以及理论观点,同时,对微波在工业化过程的发展进行了分析与展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Compared with the conventional heating method, microwave-assisted organic syntheses takes the advantages of speeding up the reaction rate, increasing the product yields and changing the selectivity. These phenomena, which cannot be reproduced by conventional heating method, are named microwave nonthermal effects by researchers. But debates about whether nonthermal effects exist or not have continued until now. Up to now, the mechanism of microwave-promoting synthetic reactions is unclear. In this paper, the application progress of microwave technology in organic synthesis and chemical separation process was summarized. The research progress of microwave thermal effect and non-thermal effect in recent years was reviewed. The case analysis and theoretical viewpoint of microwave effect were expounded, and the development of microwave-assisted industrialization was analyzed and prospected.更多还原