【摘要】 梅雨锋暴雨是我国长江中下游地区夏季主要的灾害天气,一直以来是气象学研究的热点和难点,从上世纪30年代开始我国气象学家就关注并对梅雨锋暴雨进行了多方面研究,包括梅雨锋概念、结构、大尺度环流场、气候特征、多尺度特征及其形成的热力和动力机制等,为梅雨锋暴雨业务预报提供了理论指导和科学认识。本文主要概述了梅雨锋概念及其研究历程、重点详细阐述了相当正压型梅雨锋暴雨的结构、性质及其形成机理,总结了近年来造成梅雨锋暴雨的MCS的分类、结构特征及环境条件,地形对MCS的影响机理、MCS激发的动力机制等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Meiyu front rainstorm is the main meteorological disaster over the Yangtze River basin during summer, which has always been a hot topic and difficult problem in meteorological research. Since the 1930 s, Chinese meteorologists have paid attention to it and conducted many researches on Meiyu front rainstorm, including the concept, structure, large-scale circulation field, climatic characteristics, multi-scale features, thermal and dynamic formation mechanism of Meiyu front,and so on. These studies provided theoretical guidance and scientific understanding for routine forecast of Meiyu front rainstorm. This paper mainly introduced the concept of MeiYu front and its research history,which emphasized on the structure, properties and formation mechanism of an equivalent barotropic type Meiyu front rainstorm. Then, we summarized the classification, structural characteristics and environmental conditions of meso-scale convective systems that caused the Meiyu front rainstorm in recent years, and the influence mechanisms of terrain on MCS, and the dynamic excitation mechanism of MCS.更多还原