【摘要】 气体在节流膨胀过程中,压力不断减小,体积不断增大,从而导致体系的温度、内能、熵等状态函数相应发生改变,对于不同的气体,这些变化也相应不同。本文讨论了不同种类的气体产生的焦耳一汤姆孙效应,结果表明:从理论上得到了压强的修正项导致气体致冷,体积的修正项导致气体致热的结论。进一步从真实气体分子相互作用势的角度出发,探讨了分子间的吸引作用导致气体致冷的机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pressure continuously decreases and the volume continuously increases in the process of throttling expansion,which leads to the system of temperature,internal energy,entropy and other state functions corresponding changed,for different gases,these changes were also different. Joule-Kelvin effect on the different gases was discussed,the following results are obtained: pressure correcting coefficient led to cooling and volume correcting coefficient led to heating.Furthermore,the mechanism of the cooling by the attraction between two real gas molecules was investigated in terms of interaction potential.更多还原