【摘要】 目的探讨实施阻断艾滋病母婴传播的方法及有效性,为临床提供指导。方法随机抽取2014年1月～2017年6月百色市壮族人群中接受HIV抗体检测阳性的150例孕产妇为研究对象,结合发现抗体检测阳性的孕周将其分成两组,甲组(90例)于孕14周以前发现HIV抗体检测阳性给予阻断,乙组(60例)于孕14周以后发现HIV抗体检测阳性给予阻断,随访18个月,观察三联药物疗法对14周以前与14周以后进行HIV感染母亲所生婴儿阻断的有效率、孕产妇抗病毒CD4~+细胞数量、不良反应发生率及远期并发症发生率。结果 (1)随访18个月发现,甲组HIV感染母亲所生婴儿阻断有效率(98.89%)高于乙组(91.67%),P <0.05;(2)抗病毒前,甲组和乙组孕产妇CD4~+细胞数量比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05),抗病毒后,甲组和乙组孕产妇CD4~+细胞数量均较抗病毒前显著升高(P <0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)甲组HIV感染孕产妇不良反应发生率和乙组差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);(4)随访18个月发现,两组新生儿均未出现明显并发症。结论尽早对HIV抗体检测阳性孕产妇实施抗病毒药物阻断艾滋病母婴传播治疗的效果更高,可有效降低儿童感染艾滋病的机率,且安全性较好,并可在一定程度上增加孕产妇的免疫机能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the methods and effectiveness of blocking mother-to-child transmission of AIDS, and to provide guidance for clinical practice. Methods 150 pregnant women with positive HIV antibody were randomly selected from the Zhuang population in Baise City from January 2014 to June 2017,they were divided into two groups according to gestational weeks when HIV antibody were detected.Group A(90 cases) was blocked when HIV antibody were detected before 14 weeks of gestation,and Group B(60 cases) was blocked when HIV antibody were detected after 14 weeks of gestation.All were followed up for 18 months.The efficacy of triple drug therapy in blocking infants born to HIV-infected mothers before 14 weeks and after 14 weeks of gestation, number of antiviral CD4~+ cells,incidence of adverse reactions and long-term complications in maternal were observed. Results(1)Follow-up for 18 months showed that the effective rate of blocking of infants born to HIV-infected mothers in group A(98.89%) was higher than group B(91.67%),P < 0.05.(2)Before antiviral therapy, there was no significant difference in the number of CD4~+ cells between group A and group B,(P > 0.05).After antiviral therapy, the number of CD4+cells in group A and group B was significantly higher than those before antiviral therapy(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05).(3)There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between group A and group B(P > 0.05).(4)Follow-up for 18 months showed that there were no significant complications in both groups. Conclusion Early implementation of antiviral drugs to block motherto-child transmission of HIV among HIV-positive maternal is more effective,can effectively reduce the risk of HIV infection in children,and has better safety,and can increase the immune function of maternal to a certain extent.更多还原