【摘要】 环境雌激素作为一类新型有机污染物进入机体后,可通过模拟、增强或拮抗激素作用扰乱激素平衡,干扰机体正常内分泌系统功能,对人类和野生动物及其后代产生潜在威胁。雌激素类物质由工业生产及人类活动释放进入环境后,通过河流、湖泊的传输以及大气沉降等方式最终进入海洋环境,其对海洋生态环境以及最终对人类造成的潜在威胁都不容小觑。对环境雌激素的发现历史和主要类型,以及近年来海洋环境中雌激素类污染物的主要检测方法、分布特点及其在不同环境介质中的转化规律进行了综述,并着重对已报道的酚类化合物(双酚A和壬基酚)和有机磷阻燃剂这两类新型雌激素污染物在海洋环境中的分布特征进行了详细梳理。随着国际上对海洋环境中雌激素污染物研究的逐渐增多,相对而言我国开展的相关研究还十分不足,无论在区域研究范畴范围还是赋存介质的类型都相对有限。因此,系统地分析海洋环境中雌激素污染物的来源、分布、迁移转化特征,对于今后制定海洋环境雌激素类污染物的防控对策、保护海洋生物资源以及保持海洋生态环境可持续健康发展都具有重要的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Environmental estrogens(EEs) is an important category of emerging organic pollutants that can seriously interfere with endocrine system of organisms by mimicking, enhancing, or inhibiting hormonal action, and have potential impacts on humans, animals and their offspring. Estrogens enter the environment from industrial and human activities, and finally flow into the ocean through transportation by rivers and atmospheric deposition, which may pose a great risk to marine ecological system and human health. This review presents discovery history and main types of environmental estrogens, as well as detection methods. The distribution and transformation characteristics of estrogenic pollutants in marine environment in recent years were introduced, and two emerging estrogenic pollutants, phenolic compounds(bisphenol A and nonylphenol) and organo phosphorus flame retardants were focused. Research on estrogen pollution in marine environment is increasing rapidly around the world, and related research in China is still limited in both regional research and types of host media. Therefore, it is essential to systematically understand the source, distribution, migration and transformation characteristics of EEs in the marine environment to help preventing and controlling against these substances, and maintaining sustainable and healthy development of the marine ecological environment.更多还原