【摘要】 目的探讨东莞常安镇低钾血症流行病学特征及血清钾检测水平与心电图改变的相关性。方法收治的700例低钾血症患者,总结流行病学特点,并分析患者血清钾测定值与心电图改变的关系。结果本组低钾血症男性占58.00%,年龄为21～30岁(50.00%),职业多为个体户(11.71%),病史以甲状腺功能亢进为主(8.86%),发病诱因主要为上呼吸道感染(21.43%),发病至就诊的时间多为6～12h(41.57%),临床表现以四肢肌肉酸痛、肌无力为主(100.0%);其中轻度低钾(血清钾水平为3.0～3.5mmol/L)占17.71%,中度低钾(血清钾水平为2.5～<3.0mmol/L)占28.57%,重度低钾(血清钾水平<2.5mmol/L)占53.71%,患者细胞计数增高比例为56.71%,心电图异常比例为94.14%,住院时间以<3d为主(89.57%);重度低钾患者心电图异常比例高于重度和轻度低钾患者;患者血钾浓度与心电图异常发生率呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论东莞常安镇低钾血症发病群体以男性、工人、青壮年为主,诱因主要为上呼吸道感染,患者常伴心电图异常改变且患者血清钾水平与心电图异常改变发生率呈负相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of hypokalemia in Changan county,Dongguan and the correlation between the detected level of serum potassium and electrocardiogram changes.Methods The epidemiological characteristics of 700 patients with hypokalemia were summarized and the relationship between the measured value of serum potassium and ECG changes were analyzed.The relationship between the detected value of serum potassium and electrocardiogram changes was analyzed.Results Male patients with hypokalemia in the study accounted for 58.00%.Most of the patients were 21-30 years old(50.00%)and self-employed entrepreneurs(11.71%).The main cause was upper respiratory tract infection(21.43%)and the time from onset to treatment was 6-12 h(41.57%).Muscular soreness of limbs and muscle weakness were main clinical manifestations(100.00%),and the proportions of mild(serum potassium concentration 3.0-3.5 mmol/L),moderate(serum potassium concentration 2.5-<3.0 mmol/L),and severe(serum potassium concentration < 2.5 mmol/L)hypokalemia were 17.71%,28.57% and 53.71%,respectively.The proportions of increased white blood cell count and abnormal electrocardiogram were 56.71% and94.14%,respectively.The hospitalization time of most patients was shorter than 3 days(89.57%).The proportion of abnormal electrocardiogram in patients with severe hypokalemia was higher than that in patients with moderate and mild hypokalemiaor(P<0.05).The serum potassium level was negatively correlated with the incidence of abnormal electrocardiogram(P<0.05).Conclusion Hypokalemia mainly occurs in male workers and young adults in Changan county,Dongguan.The main cause is upper respiratory tract infection,and most patients have abnormal electrocardiogram changes.The serum potassium level is negatively correlated with abnormal electrocardiogram changes.更多还原