【摘要】 构建了活性炭吸附/石灰软化/砂滤/超滤组合工艺（工艺1）和活性炭吸附/石灰软化/超滤组合工艺（工艺2）,对比了2种组合工艺对高硬度纳滤浓水的软化效果以及有机物去除效能,表征了活性炭的有机物去除特性,研究了砂滤的CaCO₃截留作用以及对膜污染控制的影响。结果表明,2种组合工艺对纳滤浓水均具有良好的软化效能,对总硬度、COD_Mn、UV₂₅₄、DOC及各类溶解性有机物均具有较好的去除效果。活性炭过滤可以显著去除纳滤浓水中的类蛋白质和类腐殖酸质等有机污染物,超滤单元也对类色氨酸和类络氨酸有一定的去除效果。砂滤可以有效截留软化过程形成的CaCO₃沉淀,减缓跨膜压差增长速率。超滤单元均存在不同程度的有机污染和无机污染,超滤单元2的膜孔内存在CaCO₃结晶作用,无机污染程度更严重,但对类腐殖质和类络氨酸等有机污染物具有较好的截留作用,CaCO₃滤饼层可以提高分子质量为1～10 ku的DOC的截留效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two combined processes of activated carbon adsorption/lime softening/sand filtration/ultrafiltration（process 1）and activated carbon adsorption/lime softening/ultrafiltration（process 2）were constructed.The softening effect and organic removal efficiency of the two combined processes were compared,and organic removal characteristics of activated carbon were characterized.Finally,the CaCO₃ retention effect of sand filtration and its influence on membrane fouling control were studied.The results showed that the two combined processes had good softening effect on nanofiltration concentrate,and good removal effects on total hardness,COD_Mn,UV₂₅₄,DOC and various dissolved organic matter were also obtained.Organic pollutants such as protein-like and humic-like substance in nanofiltration concentrate could be effectively removed by activated carbon filtration,and ultrafiltration units had good removal effects on tryptophan-like and tyrosine-like compounds.Sand filtration could effectively retain the CaCO₃ formed in the softening process and slow down the growth rate of the transmembrane pressure.The two ultrafiltration units had both organic and inorganic fouling.Ultrafiltration unit 2 had more serious inorganic fouling because of CaCO₃ crystallization in the membrane pores,but it had better retention effect on organic pollutants such as humic-like and tyrosine-like substances.The formation of CaCO₃ filter cake layer could enhance the retention effect of the ultrafiltration membrane on 1-10 ku molecular weight dissolved organic matter.更多还原