【摘要】 为减少花卉穴盘苗取栽一体式自动移栽机构带苗现象,提高移栽效果,对移栽机构末端执行器进行了改进设计,并结合机构自身特性以及移栽工作要求,重新分析和确定了移栽机构优化目标,应用自主开发的计算机分析和优化软件,通过目标导向法,优选出一组机构参数并试制样机。分析了花卉育苗基质物理特性对移栽的影响,选取3组不同育苗基质及含水率的向日癸穴盘苗进行试验,试验表明:基质成分为纯泥炭的穴盘苗,其钵苗根系生长包络性好,便于取苗,取苗成功率为98%,栽苗成功率为83.9%,带苗率为13.8%。比较机构改进前后的试验结果,移栽效果和带苗现象均得到明显改善。基质成分中随着珍珠岩和沙子比例增加,钵苗根系包络性变差,钵体强度降低,取苗和栽苗成功率下降,而带苗现象增加。试验结果验证了改进设计后机构的有效性以及在不同育苗基质条件下的适应性,为解决移栽机构带苗问题提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to reduce the seedling-carrying phenomenon and improve the transplanting effect of the automatic harvesting and transplanting of flower plug seedlings, The end effector of transplanting mechanism is improved and designed in this study, According to the structure design of the mechanism itself and the working requirement, Re-analysis and determination of transplanting mechanism optimization objectives, it uses the computer software for analysis and optimization which is developed independently, through Goal-Oriented approach, finally selects a set of trial-manufacture prototype of mechanism parameters. Next analyzes the influence of mechanism parameters change upon the trajectory and posture, Three groups of seedling-raising media and water content of Xiangligui plug seedlings were selected for test, The experiment shows that the peat growing medium with strong water storage capacity has good root growth of potted seedlings, which is easier to take seedlings. The success rates of taking, planting and carrying seedlings are respectively 98.6%, 83.9% and 13.8%.The experimental results before and after the improvement of the mechanism were compared, The transplanting effect and the phenomenon of carrying seedlings were obviously improved. In contrast, if the ratio of perlite and sand increases in the matrix, the enveloping property of seedling root system will weaken, the strength of bowl body will decrease, and the success rate of harvesting and planting the seedlings will decrease. Correspondingly, the seedling-carrying phenomena will increase. In conclusion, this experiment testifies that the efficiency of the improved mechanism design and its adaptability under different seedling-raising substrates, which provides some reference for solving the problem of seedling-carrying in transplanting mechanism.更多还原