【摘要】 【目的】研究化肥和阳光照射作用对土壤中香蕉穿孔线虫的灭除效果。【方法】利用在感染香蕉穿孔线虫的病土中添加化肥并覆盖塑料薄膜的方法。【结果】采用添加石灰氮或尿素并覆盖白膜或黑膜的处理方法均促使了土壤温度升高;在当地晴日平均气温最高值达到38.8℃以上,并保证晴日数在31 d以上,采用添加石灰氮或尿素并覆膜处理5周以上的时间,可有效灭除土壤中香蕉穿孔线虫;在当地晴日平均气温最高值达到37.6℃以上,并保证晴日数在38 d以上,采用添加石灰氮或尿素并覆膜处理6周以上的时间,同样可灭除土壤中香蕉穿孔线虫;在各处理方法中,1 L土壤加石灰氮10 g并覆盖白色薄膜处理的土壤温度提升效果最好。【结论】在高温季节,在土壤中添加石灰氮或尿素并覆盖塑料薄膜的方法均能灭除病土中的香蕉穿孔线虫。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】The eliminating effect of chemical fertilizer and sunlight on Radopholus similis in soil were studied.【Method】The experiment was conducted by adding chemical fertilizer to the soil infected with R. similis and covering it with plastic films.【Result】The results showed that the soil temperature was raised by adding calcium cyanamide or carbamide and covering the soil with white or black films. In the case that the highest average temperature in the local area was above 38.8 ℃, and the number of sunny days was above 31 days, the R. similis in soil could be eliminated effectively by the method(adding calcium cyanamide or carbamide and covering soil with films) treating soil for no less than 5 weeks; in the case that the highest average temperature in the local area was above 37.6 ℃, and the number of sunny days was above 38 days, the R. similis in soil could also be eliminated by the method(adding calcium cyanamide or carbamide and covering soil with films) treating soil for no less than 6 weeks. Among all the treatments, 1 L soil treated with 10 g calcium cyanamide and covered with white films had the best effect on increasing soil temperature.【Conclusion】In high temperature seasons, the method of adding calcium cyanamide or carbamide and covering white or black films can eliminate the R. similis in infected soil.更多还原