【摘要】 为了更准确有效的研究大气固体颗粒中重金属的形态分布,本实验采用混酸密闭消解总量和改进的Fernández法提取Cu、Pb、Mn、Cd、Cr元素的化学形态,以ICP-MS测定样品中铜铅锰镉铬总量和各形态的含量。结果表明:实验测得土壤标样中铜铅镉铬锰总量在给出的土壤成分分析标准物质认定值范围内且回收率都在90%以上;冬春季所有样品中铜的回收率范围为80.23%～97.92%;铅的回收率范围为83.77%～98.40%;锰的回收率范围为82.07%～99.97%;镉的回收率范围为81.84%～99.72%;铬的回收率范围为88.96%～99.16%。这些数据说明该方法具有检出限低、精密度高、准确度好的特点。成都东北部大气PM2.5中铜铅锰镉铬主要存在形式为可溶态和可还原态,占所有形态总和的75%以上,其中Cu、Cd、Mn主要存在于可溶态,Pb、Cr主要存在于可还原态;铜铅锰镉铬元素总量与形态及形态与形态之间均存在一定的显著正相关性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the speciation distribution of heavy metals in air solid particles more accurately and effectively, the chemical speciation of copper, lead, manganese, cadmium and chromium was extracted by mixed acid sealed digestion method and improved Fernndez method. The total content of copper, lead, manganese, cadmium and chromium in samples was determined by ICP-MS. The results showed that the total amount of copper, lead, cadmium, chromium and manganese in soil standard samples was within the certified value of soil component analysis reference materials and the recovery rate was above 90 %. In winter and spring, the recovery rate of copper in all samples ranged from 80.23 to 97.92 %. The recovery rate of lead ranged from 83.77 to 98.40 %. The recovery rate of manganese ranged from 82.07 to 99.97 %. The recoveries of cadmium and chromium are 81.84 %～99.72 % and 88.96-99.16 %, respectively. These data show that the method has the characteristics of low detection limit, high precision and good accuracy. The main forms of copper, lead, manganese, cadmium and chromium in PM2.5 in northeastern Chengdu are soluble and reducible, accounting for more than 75 % of all forms. Among them, copper, cadmium and manganese are mainly soluble, while lead and chromium are mainly reducible. There is a significant positive correlation between the total amount and form of copper, lead, manganese, cadmium and chromium. Relevance.更多还原