【摘要】 福建省数十年大规模、高密度、无序化的鲍养殖,导致养殖海区水质、底质老化,水体环境破坏严重,致使鲍养殖成活率由90%以上急剧下降到50%左右,严重影响鲍养殖业的经济效益及其产业发展。湾外海域具有水质优良、水体交换率高、自净能力强、水域广阔等特点,适合于鲍养殖。但湾外水域缺乏天然屏障,自然环境恶劣,现有的养鲍养殖设施难以满足湾外海域安全生产。为此,笔者团队设计一套适用于湾外海域具有躲避台风破坏能力的养鲍系统——湾外底层延绳养鲍系统,并开展了初步试验。该系统包含底层延绳设施与机械化作业设备两大部分,本文报道底层延绳设施部分的设计与初步试验。结果表明底层延绳设施可进行机械化起笼机作业,初步具备躲避台风破坏的能力,设计方案较为合理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Abalone culture in Fujian Province is concentrated in the coastal bay. But the survival rate of abalone culture has dropped sharply from over 90% to around 50%, because of the serious ageing of water and sediment as well as the destruction of water environment by decades of large-scale high-density disordered farming. The economic benefits of abalone farming and industrial development has been seriously affected. The areas outside the bay are very suitable for abalone culture due to their advantages of broad space, high water exchange rate, strong self-purification ability and dark excellent water quality. However, the biggest challenge of safe aquaculture is the poor performance of existing abalone farming facilities and the harsh marine environment outside the bay. A facility named Long-line Abalone Culture Facility System in the bottom waters of the bay has been developed by the author which has the ability to avoid typhoon damage. The equipment consists of two parts: long-lined abalone culture facility and mechanized production equipment. This paper reports the design and preliminary experiment of the long-lined abalone culture facility. The preliminary experiment showed that the design proposal was reasonable owing to the ability to avoid typhoon damage and operate mechanically.更多还原